Asthma: Separating Fact from Fiction

by Dr. Mallu Gangadhar Reddy | May 12, 2023 | Pulmonology

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Asthma is a global health issue that affects millions of people every year. This chronic respiratory ailment, also known as Bronchial Asthma, causes inflammation, narrowing, and swelling of the air tubes, resulting in difficulty breathing due to the production of extra mucus. Symptoms of asthma include coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and wheezing, which can vary from minor to life-threatening. Despite the availability of effective therapies, many countries, including India, have suboptimal asthma control. In India alone, over 17 million cases of asthma occur annually, contributing to 1.98 lakh deaths, and an estimated 90% of asthma patients do not receive the correct medication. This article aims to dispel myths and highlight interesting facts about asthma while providing effective methods for managing this serious respiratory disease.

MYTH : Asthma medications are unsafe, addictive, and lose their effectiveness over time.
FACT : No! Asthma medications are safe and effective when used as directed by a healthcare provider. They are not addictive and can be used over the long-term to control asthma symptoms. There are two types of medications used to manage asthma: quick-relief medications, which are used during an attack to provide immediate relief, and long-term control medications, which are taken regularly to prevent attacks from happening.

MYTH : Asthma is a childhood illness that can be outgrown.
FACT : False! Asthma can develop at any age and is a chronic condition that persists into adulthood. While some children may outgrow asthma, many adults are diagnosed later in life. Symptoms can change over time and can be triggered by a variety of factors, such as allergens, irritants, and stress. It is recommended to have regular check-ups with a healthcare provider to manage asthma and prevent complications.

MYTH : Asthmatic individuals should avoid exercise and sports.
FACT : This is another myth! Exercise can enhance lung function, strengthen respiratory muscles, and decrease the risk of asthma attacks. However, individuals with asthma should take necessary precautions before exercising, such as warming up correctly and carrying a rescue inhaler. Developing a safe and effective exercise plan with a healthcare provider is crucial. While exercise can worsen symptoms for some asthma patients, using a reliever inhaler before exercise and keeping it accessible during physical activity can help.

MYTH : Asthma is not a life-threatening disease.
FACT : Asthma can be fatal, though it is a rare occurrence. Without proper management, symptoms can worsen and lead to life-threatening situations. Recognizing the signs of a severe asthma attack, such as extreme difficulty breathing, rapid pulse, and bluish lips or face, is very important. Immediate medical attention is necessary in such cases to prevent serious complications or even death. Regular monitoring and management of asthma symptoms can help prevent life-threatening asthma attacks.

MYTH : Asthma treatment is only necessary when symptoms appear.
FACT : Not true! Asthma is a chronic condition that requires regular medication prescribed by a healthcare provider. While quick-relief medications can provide immediate relief during an attack, long-term control medications may also be prescribed to prevent attacks from occurring. Consistent use of medication is critical to managing asthma and avoiding severe flare-ups. Even when feeling well, it’s important for individuals with asthma to continue taking their prescribed medications as directed by their healthcare provider. Skipping medication or not following the prescribed treatment plan can lead to more frequent asthma attacks and worsen the symptoms.

MYTH : Wheezing is the only symptom of asthma.
FACT : No! Although wheezing is a common symptom of asthma, it is not the only one. Asthma can flare up without wheezing and may manifest as cough, chest tightness, or shortness of breath. It is essential to understand that asthma can affect people differently and that not everyone experiences the same symptoms. Creating an asthma management plan tailored to an individual’s symptoms and triggers is key to effectively managing the condition and leading a healthy life.

Did you know that some people believe asthma is a contagious disease?

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MYTH : Asthma symptoms are the same for everyone.
FACT : False! Asthma affects individuals differently, and the symptoms may vary from person to person. Identifying personal triggers and managing the condition accordingly can assist individuals with asthma in leading a healthy and active life. It is recommended to collaborate with a healthcare provider to develop an asthma management plan as per each individual’s unique needs. This plan may include identifying and avoiding personal triggers, taking medication as directed, and regularly monitoring symptoms.

MYTH : Asthma can be cured permanently.
FACT : While many think that asthma can be cured permanently, some are still unsure whether asthma is curable or not. Though asthma is not curable, it can be effectively managed through medication and by avoiding triggers. People with asthma can lead healthy and fulfilling lives with the right care and attention. It’s advised to develop an asthma management plan that includes medication, lifestyle modifications, and avoidance of triggers. By understanding and managing the condition, individuals with asthma can reduce the frequency and severity of their symptoms and prevent potentially life-threatening complications.

MYTH : Asthma attacks are unpredictable and cannot be prevented.
FACT : This is another misconception about asthma. Common asthma triggers include tobacco smoke, dust mites, outdoor air pollution, pests, pets, mould, cleaning and disinfection products, viral infections, certain medications, bad weather, some foods, and strong smells. By understanding these triggers and working to avoid them, individuals with asthma can better manage their symptoms.

MYTH : Inhalers for asthma are not effective.
FACT : This is not true! Inhalers are a highly effective form of medication for managing asthma symptoms. These devices contain medication that not only provides immediate relief but can also control symptoms over the long term. It’s important for individuals with asthma to use their inhalers regularly, as directed by their healthcare provider, in order to prevent their symptoms from becoming severe or uncontrollable.

Lastly, asthma is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. While it may seem like a burden, with the right management and care, individuals with asthma can lead healthy and fulfilling lives. Asthma is not a limitation but a challenge that can be overcome with proper care and support. Don’t let asthma hold you back from living your best life. With the right care and attention, people with asthma can live fulfilling lives.