What is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal surgery is the preferred procedure for colorectal cancer. It involves either small or large incisions made during open or laparoscopic surgeries. Sometimes, no incisions are involved, as in polypectomy (removal of polyp: a small abnormal tissue in the intestine) that is performed during a colonoscopy.
Types of colorectal surgeries
- Local excision: Removal of cancerous tissue and a small portion of healthy surrounding tissue.
- Polypectomy: Removal of polyps.
- Proctectomy: Removal of a portion (lower anterior resection) or whole part of the rectum (abdominoperineal resection).
- Total proctocolectomy: This is the most extensive bowel procedure carried out and includes both the rectum and the colon removal.
- Colectomy: Removal of a part or whole of the colon. Common procedures in colectomy include hemicolectomy (removal of an ascending colon & a portion of the transverse colon) and left hemicolectomy (removal of a portion of three regions; transverse colon, descending colon, & sigmoid colon being the left-sided regions of the intestine).
These surgeries can be performed either openly or laparoscopically, & sometimes through robotic techniques.
- Laparoscopic surgery: A minimally invasive approach using small incisions in the abdomen and a camera to perform the surgery with specialized instruments.
- Open surgery: It involves a larger incision to access the intestines directly for the surgical alterations.
| Procedure Name | Colorectal Cancer |
|---|---|
| Type of Surgery | Open, Laparoscopic or Robotic Surgery |
| Type of Anesthesia | Deep sedation (monitored anesthesia care)a |
| Procedure Duration | Nearly 2-8 hrs. |
| Recovery Duration | 6 weeks; full recovery can take upto months |













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