Endobronchial tumor debulking is a low-risk procedure performed using bronchoscopy in order to remove or reduce the size of a tumor that is growing inside the airways of the lungs. It is typically indicated for the treatment of symptoms due to airway obstruction, such as severe dyspnea, persistent cough, hemoptysis, or recurrent post-obstructive pneumonia. Oftentimes, this is a palliative measure for patients with advanced or unresectable lung cancers or with metastatic tumors to the airways. Endobronchial tumor debulking can also be performed as a bridge to definitive treatment, as this provides symptomatic relief transitorily until a patient is further assessed or while they wait for the effects of radiation or chemotherapy. In very specific situations in which a patient has an early-stage superficial benign cancer, it may even be a curative procedure.
The standard procedure utilizes either a flexible tube or a rigid metal tube to enter the trachea and bronchi via the mouth or the nose. When the tumor is in sight, various instruments are inserted through the bronchoscope to either remove or shrink the tumor cells. Common approaches include laser ablation (using light energy to coagulate or vaporize tissue), electrocautery (using heat generated by electrical current), argon plasma coagulation (ionized gas to cause coagulation of the tissue), cryotherapy (freezing the tumor cells), or mechanical debulking (grasping or taking out pieces of tumor). The criteria for choice may include the amount, location, and consistency of the tumor and the skills of the operator in order to reestablish and maintain patency to the airway and optimal quality of life.
Mr. Jyothishman Saikia from Assam successfully underwent Endobronchial Tumor Debulking at Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, under the supervision of Dr. Belgundi Preeti Vidyasagar, Consultant Interventional Pulmonologist.
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