What is Hemiarthroplasty?
Hemiarthroplasty, a partial hip replacement procedure, is commonly performed for femoral neck fractures. This orthopedic intervention involves replacing only half of the hip joint, specifically the femoral head, making it suitable for subcapital neck fractures at high risk of femoral head avascular necrosis. It is often recommended for older, less active patients with comorbidities, as it has a shorter surgical duration and recovery period compared to total hip replacement.
The procedure can be completed in less than an hour and may involve either open surgery with a single long incision or a less-invasive computer-assisted approach with smaller incisions. There are two types of hemiarthroplasty based on the prosthetic head component: unipolar hemiarthroplasty surgery, which uses a single prosthetic head and stem, and bipolar hemiarthroplasty surgery, which incorporates a plastic liner to reduce wear and enhance articulation. While hemiarthroplasty offers faster recovery and shorter hospital stays, it may not be as durable as total hip replacement.
| Procedure Name | Hemiarthroplasty |
|---|---|
| Type of Surgery | Open or Minimally invasive |
| Type of Anesthesia | General or spinal anesthesia |
| Procedure Duration | 1-1.5 hours |
| Recovery Duration | Few weeks |
Hemiarthroplasty: Pre-Op & Post-Op Care
Preparation for Hemiarthroplasty
Blood tests, imaging, ECGs, and other tests are conducted a week before surgery to assess health, blood clotting function, hip joint and bone health, and detect underlying infections. Following these assessments, the surgeon provides specific instructions for the surgery.
During the surgery
During surgery, the surgeon makes an incision to access the hip joint, detaches muscles, removes the damaged femoral head, prepares the femoral canal, inserts a prosthetic stem, performs trial reduction, implants the definitive head, assesses joint space, reconnects detached muscles, and closes the incision with sutures or staples.
After the Hemiarthroplasty
After a hemiarthroplasty, patients recover in the hospital, are monitored, discharged, and prescribed pain medications. Physical therapy begins immediately and continues post-surgery.
Hemiarthroplasty Recovery:
Hemiarthroplasty recovery time depends on factors like age, health, and type of procedure. It typically starts with a hospital stay, 6 weeks of physical therapy, 6–12 weeks of mobility improvement, 3-6 months of near-normal function, and ongoing physical therapy to optimize hip strength and range of motion.
Post-procedure care: Post-procedure care for hemiarthroplasty includes the following:
- Follow the doctor’s instructions on dressing changes and wound care.
- Avoid soaking until cleared by the doctor.
- Monitor for signs of infection around the incision.
- Follow the doctor’s prescribed pain medication.
- Regular sessions for regaining strength, flexibility, and range of motion.
- Follow a personalized exercise program designed by the therapist.
- Focus on gentle movements to improve balance and coordination.
- Regular follow-up appointments are crucial for monitoring progress and addressing concerns.
Benefits of Hemiarthroplasty at Yashoda Hospitals
- Safe, Effective Procedure For Mobility Regain.
- Relieves Long-Term Pain And Increases Mobility.
- Improves Quality Of Life.
- Minimal Hospitalisations.
- Greater Flexibility And Reduced Risk Of Dislocation.
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