What is Arthroplasty Surgery?
Arthroplasty, also referred to as joint replacement surgery, is commonly performed to replace the damaged joint partially or completely with artificial implants (prosthetics). In this procedure, the orthopedic surgeon will remove the damaged or worn-out bone and cartilage in the natural joint and replace them with artificial ones.
Arthroplasty is mainly performed in order to treat pain, stiffness, and loss of function due to various joint problems.
Arthroplasty types
Arthroplasty is performed either as a total arthroplasty (total joint replacement) or a partial arthroplasty (partial joint replacement) based on the extent of the joint damage in the specific regions.
An arthroplasty technique depends on the patient’s anatomy, joint type, and surgeon’s preferences. Common methods include:
- Hip arthroplasty: In this surgical procedure, the damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial implant, ideal for individuals experiencing severe pain and stiffness from arthritis.
- Knee arthroplasty: In this surgical procedure, a damaged or worn out knee joint is replaced with an artificial one.
- Shoulder arthroplasty: In this surgical procedure, damaged shoulder joint will be replaced.
- Gap arthroplasty: Gap arthroplasty is a less common surgical procedure that uses soft tissue to fill small defects in a joint, improving stability and function.
- Bipolar arthroplasty: Bipolar arthroplasty is a partial hip replacement that involves replacing the femoral bone head with a metal cap.
- Keller arthroplasty: Keller arthroplasty is a procedure for adults with moderate to severe hallux rigidus due to osteoarthritis, involving bone removal and realignment of the big toe joint.
| Procedure Name | Arthroplasty |
|---|---|
| Type of Surgery | Open or Minimally invasive |
| Type of Anesthesia | General Anesthesia |
| Procedure Duration | In between 1-3 hours |
| Recovery Duration | Few months |
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