Post-Operative Care of TAVI Surgery
Post-operative care after TAVI is a crucial phase that ensures successful valve function, early recovery, and prevention of complications. Care is usually multidisciplinary and tailored to the patient’s overall health.
1. Immediate ICU Monitoring
After the procedure, the patient is shifted to the cardiac ICU for close observation, usually for 24–48 hours. Heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and heart rhythm are continuously monitored to detect early complications such as bleeding, arrhythmias, or blood pressure instability.
2. Access-Site and Wound Care
The catheter entry site (commonly the groin) is checked frequently for bleeding, swelling, infection, or hematoma formation. Proper wound care helps prevent infections and ensures smooth healing.
3. Heart Rhythm and Pacemaker Assessment
TAVI may affect the heart’s electrical conduction system. Continuous ECG monitoring is done to detect rhythm abnormalities. Some patients may require temporary or permanent pacemaker placement if conduction disturbances occur.
4. Medications and Blood Thinners
Patients are prescribed antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications to prevent blood clots on the new valve. Additional heart medications may be continued or adjusted based on blood pressure, heart function, and rhythm.
5. Early Mobilization and Physiotherapy
Most patients are encouraged to sit up and walk within 24 hours. Early mobilization reduces the risk of blood clots, improves lung function, and speeds up overall recovery.
6. Echocardiography and Imaging Follow-up
A follow-up echocardiogram is performed to confirm proper valve placement, movement, and blood flow across the valve. This helps ensure the success of the procedure before discharge.
7. Diet and Lifestyle Guidance
Patients are advised to follow a heart-healthy, low-salt diet. Adequate hydration, smoking cessation, and controlled physical activity help improve recovery and long-term heart health.
8. Hospital Stay and Discharge
The average hospital stay after TAVI is 3–5 days, significantly shorter than that of open-heart surgery. Before discharge, patients and caregivers are educated on the use of medications, wound care, activity limitations, and warning signs.
9. Long-Term Follow-Up Care
Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor valve function, heart performance, and overall recovery. Periodic echocardiograms and clinical evaluations ensure long-term success of the implanted valve.
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