Compartment Syndrome is a condition wherein pressure builds up inside the human body in any of its enclosed spaces. This condition may arise due to swelling or bleeding post an injury. Frequently, it occurs in spaces in the leg or arm. Compartment syndrome may be acute or chronic.
In India, abdominal compartment syndrome occurs in about 50% general surgical or trauma patients getting intensive care, yet it is poorly understood and under diagnosed.
People with acute compartment syndrome have the following symptoms:
In chronic compartment syndrome, the pain in the affected limb worsens within 30 minutes of doing physical exercise. Symptoms are relieved with stress.
Acute compartment syndrome may be caused by a fracture, or by the pressure from the bleeding and swelling. It may also be caused by treatment of the fracture, say by casting or surgery.
Injuries without the bone may also cause acute compartment syndrome, for instance:
Below factors put people at risk of developing chronic compartment syndrome:
Complications of acute compartment syndrome include tissue necrosis within 12 hours and muscle necrosis. Chronic acute compartment syndrome makes the patient more likely to suffer from acute compartment syndrome.
Compartment syndrome can be detected by orthopedic hospitals in Hyderabad by directly measuring the pressure inside the body compartment.
When abdominal compartment syndrome is suspected, a urinary catheter is used to insert a pressure monitor into the bladder.
To support the diagnosis of compartment syndrome, laboratory tests and imaging techniques are used. However, the most conclusive test is a direct measurement of pressure.
To treat acute compartment syndrome, immediate surgery is required to reduce the pressure in the enclosed body space.
For chronic compartment syndrome, the first step is to avoid the activity that causes the condition. Next, physical exercises and stretching should be done.
If surgery is necessary to reduce the extra pressure, your doctor may recommend it.
Abdominal compartment syndrome requires the following treatments:
Compartment syndrome can be fatal if not diagnosed on time and treated appropriately.
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