Thola Umbono Wesibili Wamahhala
I-Hematology kanye neSibhedlela Sokufakelwa Utshalo-mzimba eHyderabad
Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell eYashoda Cancer Institute sizibophezele ngokugcwele ku Ithuthukile Izinqubo zokufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem e-hematopoietic. Kuyisikhungo sezinqubo ezingavamile neziyinkimbinkimbi, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kakhulu bokwelapha okusheshayo nokuphephile. Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Amaseli E-Bone Marrow & Stem se-Yashoda Cancer Institute sibonisa okuthuthukile ilabhorethri yokucubungula amaseli kanye nokunye Ubuciko obuphezulu izinsiza ze Ephephile ukwelashwa, kanye nethimba lodokotela abanekhono eliphezulu nabaqeqeshiwe abalandela izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ukunikela ngcono futhi kuthuthukisiwe imiphumela yokuhlinzwa.
Isibhedlela Esihamba Phambili Se-Hematology e-Hyderabad
I-Haploidentical Transplant, ukwelashwa kwe-allogeneic, isithandwa kakhulu ezikhathini zamuva nje, lapho umnikeli elingana nesiguli. Umnikeli we-haploidentical angacatshangelwa uma isiguli singenaye umnikeli ohambisana ngokuphelele noma ongahlobene. I-Haploidentical Bone Marrow Transplants ithola ukuthandwa ngenxa yezinzuzo ezinikeza iziguli, njengoba iziguli eziningi zizoba nomnikeli we-haploidentical otholakala kalula.
Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell e-Yashoda Hospitals senze izinqubo ezingavamile neziyinkimbinkimbi zokufakelwa kwe-stem cell okuthuthukisiwe. Izibhedlela zase-Yashoda zathola ukuqashelwa okukhulu ngokwenza i-HaploIdentical Bone Marrow Transplant yokuqala ezifundazweni zase-Telangana nase-Andhra Pradesh.
Ukufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow eHyderabad
Izimpumelelo
Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell e-Yashoda Hospitals
- Kuqediwe ukufakelwa kwe-Bone Marrow okungaphezu kwe-100. Lokhu kufaka phakathi kokubili ukufakelwa kwe-Autologous (kusetshenziswa amaseli e-stem esiguli) kanye ne-Allogeneic (umnkantsha wamathambo womnikeli ohambisanayo)
- Kwenziwe ngempumelelo ukufakelwa kwe-Haploidentical Bone Marrow okokuqala ngqa eTelangana nase-Andhra Pradesh
Hlangana nethimba lethu lochwepheshe be-Hematology kanye ne-BMT
Izibhedlela zaseYashoda zinethimba elihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi lodokotela begazi abaphambili kanye nochwepheshe be-BMT eHyderabad, abahlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okuphelele kwezifo zegazi ezibulalayo nezingezona ezibulalayo ezindaweni ezine eziyinhloko (iHitech-City, iSecunderabad, iMalakpet, kanye neSomajiguda). Ochwepheshe bethu basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, njengokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kanye nokufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem ochwepheshe, ukuze banikeze ukunakekelwa komuntu ngamunye, okugxile esigulini ngezinkinga zegazi eziyinkimbinkimbi.
UDkt. Ganesh Jaishetwar
MD, DM PDF-BMT(TMC), Ubudlelwano ku-Leukemia kanye ne-BMT (Canada), MACPUmeluleki Omkhulu Wezifo Zegazi, Udokotela Wezifo Zegazi kanye Nomdlavuza Wethambo kanye Nodokotela Ofakela Umongo Wethambo Umqondisi Wezokwelapha
UDkt Faraz Ahmed
I-MBBS, MD, DM (I-Clinical Haematology)Udokotela Wezifo Zegazi, Udokotela Wezifo Zegazi kanye Nodokotela Wokufakelwa Kwezitshalo Zomnkantsha Wamathambo
UDkt. Srinivas Chakravarthy. G.
MD Med(USA), DM Onc(USA), DM Heme (USA) Isazi Sezombusazwe, Ibhodi Yezokwelapha YaseMelika, I-Oncology. & Udokotela Wokufakelwa Kwezitshalo Zomnkantsha Wegazi, IYunivesithi yaseWashington, eSeattle, uSolwazi Osekelayo, I-Oncology & I-Hematology., IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eDavis. Umeluleki, Ibhodi Yezeluleko Zodokotela Kazwelonke, e-USA.Umeluleki Omkhulu Wezifo Zegazi kanye Nodokotela Wezifo Zomdlavuza Wezokwelapha
UDkt. K. Karuna Kumar
MD, DNB I-Hematology YezokwelaphaUdokotela Wezifo Zegazi, Udokotela Wezifo Zegazi kanye Nodokotela Wokufakelwa Kwezitshalo Zomnkantsha Wamathambo
UDkt. Viruvanti Dinesh
I-MBBS, MD (I-Pediatrics), i-FNB (I-Pediatric Hemato - I-Oncology)I-Pediatric Hemato Oncology, Umeluleki Wezifo Zegazi Zezingane
UDkt. Parinitha Reddy Gutha
I-MBBS(Osm), i-MRCPCH, i-FRCPCH (eLondon), i-CCT(e-UK)Umqondisi Wezokwelapha kanye ne-HOD I-Paediatric Oncology kanye ne-Haematology
UDkt. K Ashok Kumar
I-MBBS, i-DNB(NIMS), i-DM (NIMS) i-PDF (BMT) (i-CMC-Vellore)Udokotela Oyinhloko Wezokwelapha Izifo Zegazi kanye Nezifo Zegazi
UDkt. G. Vikram Kumar
I-MBBS, MD Immunohematology kanye ne-Blood Transfusion (JIPMER) Fellowship ku-Clinical Hematology (CMC, Vellore)Udokotela Wezifo Zegazi Ochwepheshe kanye Nodokotela We-BMT
Hlangana nochwepheshe bethu abaphambili be-Hematology kanye ne-BMT eHyderabad
Izibhedlela zaseYashoda zinethimba elihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi lodokotela begazi abaphambili kanye nochwepheshe be-BMT eHyderabad, abahlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okuphelele kwezifo zegazi ezibulalayo nezingezona ezibulalayo ezindaweni ezine eziyinhloko (iHitech-City, iSecunderabad, iMalakpet, kanye neSomajiguda). Ochwepheshe bethu basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, njengokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kanye nokufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem ochwepheshe, ukuze banikeze ukunakekelwa komuntu ngamunye, okugxile esigulini ngezinkinga zegazi eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izinsizakalo Zokufakelwa Kwegazi Eziphelele kanye Ne-BMT eHyderabad
Ezibhedlela zaseYashoda eHyderabad, sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ukunakekelwa okusezingeni lomhlaba ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwethu okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlinzwa, okusekelwa ochwepheshe be-hematologists kanye nochwepheshe be-BMT abavelele ekuxilongeni okunembile futhi banikeze izinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwemithamo ephezulu, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy, kanye nokwelashwa kwamaselula okusha.
Sihlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zokufakelwa amaseli e-stem kanye nokwelashwa ngezifo zegazi, okusenza sibe ngesinye sezikhungo ze-BMT ezihamba phambili zokwelapha ngendlela eklanyelwe wena, esindisa impilo. Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwegazi Nomnkantsha Wamathambo e-Yashoda Hospitals, eHyderabad, sihlonyiswe ngobuchwepheshe besimanje kanye nezikhungo zesimanje zokusiza laba ochwepheshe.
Uhlu Lokwelashwa Nokuhlinzwa Okuthuthukisiwe Kwe-Hematology kanye ne-BMT eHyderabad:
- Ukufakelwa kwe-Autologous Stem Cell
- Ukufakelwa kwe-Allogeneic Stem Cell
- Ukufakelwa kwe-Haploidentical
- I-Syngeneic Transplant
- Ukubekwa Kwedivayisi Yokufinyelela Emikhunjini Ephakathi (i-CVAD)
- I-Bone Marrow Aspiration & Biopsy
- I-Lumbar Puncture (I-Spinal Tap)
- Ukuqoqwa Kwamaseli Egazi Aseceleni (i-PBSC) (i-Apheresis)
- Ukuvuna Umkantsha Wamathambo
- I-High-Dose Chemotherapy
- I-Total Body Irradiation (TBI)
- I-Immunotherapy & Targeted Therapy
- I-CAR-T Cell Therapy
- Ukufakwa kwe-Donor Lymphocyte (DLI)
- I-Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP)
- Ukushintshaniswa Kwe-Plasma Yokwelapha (i-Plasmapheresis)
- Ukwelashwa Ngezingxenye Zegazi
- I-Iron Chelation Therapy
- Ukuphathwa Kokucindezela Amasosha omzimba
Preview: Le ndlela yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ihilela ukuqoqa, ukuqandisa, nokugcina amaseli egazi esiguli, kulandele ukufakelwa kosizo (amaseli agciniwe aphinde afakwe esigulini ngemva kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe).
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Igazi, izithombe zokuxilonga, ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba, kanye nokuhlolwa komnkantsha wethambo kwenziwa esigulini ngasinye ngaphambi kwe-BMT ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kufanelekile yini.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa ngomthamo ophezulu, iziguli zithola ama-stem cell ngomugqa ophakathi. Bese zidlula esigabeni esibalulekile sangaphambi kokuxhunyelelwa zihlukaniswe ngamagciwane, lapho zinikezwa khona imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba kanye nemithi bese zifakwa igazi ukuze kuvinjelwe imizimba yazo ekwenqabeni amaseli nokuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Izinzuzo:
- Imithamo ephezulu yokubulala umdlavuza
- Ukululama ngokushesha
- Isebenzisa umnkantsha wesiguli uqobo
- Asikho isidingo sokusesha abanikeli kanye nengozi yokungavumelani nomnikeli
- Isikhathi eside sokungabi nomdlavuza
Buka kuqala: Ukwelapha ngomthamo ophezulu kuqeda amaseli omdlavuza agulayo kanye namaseli omdlavuza asele, okuvumela amaseli okuqala anikelwe ukuthi abuyisele isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esinempilo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwegazi okusebenzayo. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokubhekana nezifo ezingezona eziyingozi njenge-sickle cell anemia, kodwa futhi izuza emphumeleni we-"graft-versus-tumor", lapho amaseli amasha omzimba ahlasela futhi aqede khona amaseli omdlavuza asele ukuze avimbele ukukhula kabusha.
Qaphela: Ukufakelwa Kwegazi Kwentambo Yombilical, uhlobo oludumile lokufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem allogenic olubhekwa njengendlela ehlukile yokufakelwa kwe-haploidentical lapho kungatholakali ukufana okuphelele.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Inqubo yokufakelwa i-allogeneic iqala ngokuthayipha kwe-HLA ukuthola umnikeli ohambisanayo, kulandelwe ukuhlinzwa komnkantsha noma i-peripheresis yegazi ukuze kukhishwe amaseli okuqala asebenzayo.
- Iziguli zibe sezidlula ohlelweni lokwelapha olusebenzisa i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation ukuze kususwe umongo onesifo ngaphambi kokuthola amaseli anikelayo ngokufakwa kwe-intravenous okungenabuhlungu.
- Ngesikhathi esibalulekile sokululama, amangqamuzana amasha aya emnkantsheni bese eqala ukuxhunyelelwa, kuyilapho isiguli siqashwe ngokucophelela esibhedlela ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye nesifo soxhunyelelwa ngokumelene nesitha.
Izinzuzo:
- Inikeza kuphela ithuba lokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside
- Umphumela ohlukile we-graft uma kuqhathaniswa nomphumela wesimila ofuna futhi uqede amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngenkuthalo
- Umthombo onempilo we-graft
- Ukufaneleka ukufaka isicelo semibandela eyahlukene
- Amazinga okusinda athuthukisiwe
Preview: Ukufakelwa kwe-Haploidentical kwandisa kakhulu inani labanikeli abangaba khona ngokuvumela amalungu omndeni angafani ukuba anikele ngamaseli okuqala asindisa impilo ngokushesha, okubaluleke kakhulu ezigulini ezinezifo eziyingozi zegazi noma izifo ezingezona eziyingozi. Le ndlela yakha kabusha isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi isebenzisa umehluko wezakhi zofuzo ukukhulisa umthelela "wokuxhunyelelwa ngokumelene nomdlavuza" nokuvimbela ukuphindaphinda komdlavuza.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha kanye nokuthayipha kwe-HLA ukuze kukhethwe umnikeli ofaneleka kakhulu ohambisana nohhafu, kulandelwe yi-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe yokususa umongo owonakele.
- Amaseli okuqala aphilile akhishwa nge-apheresis abese efakwa egazini lesiguli nge-catheter ephakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okufana nokumpontshelwa igazi.
- Ngesikhathi sesigaba esibalulekile sangemuva kokufakelwa, amangqamuzana amasha aya emnkantsheni futhi aqale ukukhula ngenkathi isiguli sigcinwa sodwa esingenamagciwane.
- Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukululama okuphumelelayo, odokotela basebenzisa imithi esezingeni eliphezulu ukuvimbela isifo sokufakelwa (i-GvHD) kanye nokunakekelwa okubanzi okusekelayo, okuhlanganisa ama-antibiotic kanye nemikhiqizo yegazi, ukuphatha ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana kokuzivikela komzimba.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukutholakala kwabanikeli bonke
- Ukufinyelela okusheshayo ekwelashweni
- Inketho yamacala aphuthumayo
- Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa umphumela wokulwa nomdlavuza
- Itholakala kalula ngeminikelo ephindaphindwayo
- Imiphumela ethuthukisiwe enamazinga alawulekayo kanye nokufa okungaphindeki
Preview: Ukufakelwa kwe-sygeneic kuhlose ukubuyisela ukukhiqizwa kwegazi okunempilo kanye nomsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba ngokufaka esikhundleni somnkantsha owonakele ngamaseli angenawo umdlavuza avela kumawele afanayo. Umnikeli kanye nomemukeli bafana ngofuzo; le ndlela inciphise ngempumelelo ingozi yokwenqatshwa kwe-graft kanye nesifo se-graft-versus-host ngenkathi ivumela ukwelashwa okubanzi kokulungisa isimo ukuze kubhubhise amaseli omdlavuza asele.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- I-Apheresis noma ukuvunwa komnkantsha wamathambo kusetshenziselwa ukukhipha amaseli okuqala aphilile kumuntu onikelayo ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphelele kwempilo yamawele womabili.
- Odokotela basebenzisa ukwelashwa kokulungisa isimo ngomthamo ophezulu ukuze basuse amangqamuzana agulayo ngaphambi kokunikeza isiguli amaseli okuqala avuniwe, okuqala inqubo yokufakelwa nokuphulukiswa kwamasonto amaningi, kuyilapho abasebenzi bezokwelapha beqapha njalo ukululama nokukhula kwesiguli.
Izinzuzo:
- Akukho bungozi be-GVHD njengoba isimiso somzimba somuntu othola igciwane siqaphela amaseli anikelayo 'njengaye'.
- Akukho ukwenqatshwa kwe-graft, ngaleyo ndlela kuqeda isidingo semithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba enamandla.
- Ama-graft angenawo umdlavuza anempilo kunamaseli esiguli.
- Ukunciphisa izinkinga eziholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.
Preview: Ukufinyelela emithanjeni ephakathi kuyindlela ethembekile, yesikhathi eside yokuhlinzeka ngamakhemikhali acasulayo, imithi ye-vesicant, kanye nokufakwa okuphezulu okungase kulimaze imithambo emincane yangaphandle. Le migqa eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ivumela ukuqoqwa kwegazi njalo, ukuqapha kwegazi, kanye nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi njenge-plasmapheresis noma i-hemodialysis, ngaphezu kokuqeda isidingo sokufakwa kwenaliti okuphindaphindiwe.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-ultrasound kanye nezilungiselelo ezihlanzekile, uchwepheshe wezempilo uvala indawo yokufaka ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inalithi yokuthola ukuze afinyelele emthanjeni omkhulu.
- Ucingo oluguquguqukayo lungena emthanjeni ukuze lusebenze njengomzila, futhi ukuqapha inhliziyo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala iphephile kude nenhliziyo.
- Ngemva kokuba i-tissue dilator ivule isiteshi, i-catheter ephakathi yemithambo yegazi ifakwa phezu kwentambo bese ingena kwi-vena cava ephezulu noma engaphansi.
- Ekugcineni, indawo ebekwe kuyo ihlolwa kusetshenziswa i-X-ray yesifuba noma i-fluoroscopy ngaphambi kokuba i-catheter ihlanzwe, iboshwe endaweni yayo, futhi imbozwe ngebhandeshi elihlanzekile.
Izinzuzo:
- Kunciphisa ukukhathazeka nokungakhululeki kwesiguli
- Kuvikela imithambo yegazi ekulimaleni nasekungakhululeki
- Ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kusukela ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni
- Kunciphisa ingozi yokucasuka kwemithambo yegazi noma ukulimala kokukhishwa kwegazi emzimbeni
Preview: I-bone marrow aspiration ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufakelwa izitho ezisindisa impilo, ukuxilonga, ukuqapha ukwelashwa, nokuqoqa amaseli ukuze kufakwe izitho, kanye nokufaka esikhundleni somnkantsha wethambo onesifo ezifweni zomdlavuza wegazi (i-leukemia), noma ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo okungavamisile ukwelapha amalunga.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ukufuthwa komnkantsha wethambo kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa ngaphandle kwesiguli, lapho isiguli silele ngohlangothi kanye nomuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo oqeda izinhlungu esikhumbeni nasemathanjeni ezinqeni.
- Ukuze kufinyelelwe engxenyeni ewuketshezi, kufakwa inaliti ekhethekile engenalutho ngenxeba elincane emgodini womongo wethambo.
- Uma inaliti isikhona, kusetshenziswa isirinji ukuthatha isampula encane yomnkantsha owuketshezi, okungadala umuzwa wokuhudula noma wokuqaqamba kwesikhashana.
- Isampula etholakele ihlolwa ngokushesha ngabasebenzi belabhorethri ukuze ithole ukuthi ifanelekile yini ngaphambi kokuba inaliti ikhishwe, bese kufakwa ibhandishi elihlanzekile phezu kwendawo ngokucindezela okuqinile.
Izinzuzo:
- Inikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe lweselula, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwama-molecule
- Inqubo ehlaselayo engatheni
- Ibonisa imiphumela esheshayo
- Uthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile
- Ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa
Preview: Ama-lumbar punctures asetshenziswa ukuxilonga izifo zesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, izifo ezibangelwa umdlavuza ezisezingeni eliphezulu njenge-leukemia, kanye nokuqapha ingcindezi yangaphakathi kobuchopho. Aphinde adlale indima ebalulekile yokwelapha ngokunikeza i-intrathecal chemotherapy ngqo ku-cerebrospinal fluid, ngaleyo ndlela ewela ngempumelelo isithiyo segazi nobuchopho ukuze kwelashwe noma kuvinjelwe ukubuyela emuva kwesifo.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Phakathi nalolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngaphandle, oluthatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30, umzimba wesiguli ubekwa endaweni evulekile ukuze uvule isikhala esiphakathi kwamathambo omgogodla. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhlane ongezansi uyahlanzwa futhi uvalwe nge-anesthetic yendawo.
- Inaliti encane ifakwa phakathi kwethambo lomgogodla elingezansi; ngezinye izikhathi, i-fluoroscopy isetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukusetshenziswa kwengcindezi ukuthola amasampula oketshezi noma ukunikeza imithi.
- Abantu ngokuvamile kudingeka balale phansi amahora ambalwa ngemva kokususwa kwenaliti futhi indawo ethintekile isongwe ukuze bagweme ukuhlushwa yikhanda.
- Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokululama, ochwepheshe bangase balungise ukudla okudlayo ukuze basize ekubuyiseleni inani loketshezi lomgogodla.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuhlonza noma ukuqeda ukubandakanyeka kwe-CNS komdlavuza wegazi.
- Ukulethwa ngqo kwe-chemotherapy ku-CNS, 'endaweni engcwele'.
- Inqubo ehlaselayo engatheni
- Ukuqapha isimo sesifo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa
Preview: Le nqubo engeyona yokuhlinzwa ibamba inani elikhulu lamaseli okuqala egazi, ibuyisela ikhono lesiguli lokwenza amaseli egazi ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza okunzima. Njengendlela ethandwayo ezimweni eziningi, kuyindlela engangenisi kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa komnkantsha ojwayelekile okuqinisekisa inani elanele lamaseli ukuze kuphinde kugcwale amasosha omzimba ngempumelelo.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ukuqoqwa kwe-PBSC kuqala ngemijovo yezinsuku eziningana ye-growth factor ekhulula amaseli okuqala kusuka ku-bone morrow aye egazini.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, igazi litholakala nge-IV bese licutshungulwa emshinini we-apheresis, osebenzisa i-centrifugation ukuhlukanisa ungqimba lweseli le-stem.
- Izingxenye zegazi ezisele zibuyiselwa esigulini zingakapheli amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha okugcina ale nqubo engeyona eyokuhlinzwa. Amaseli akhishwe ayacutshungulwa futhi agcinwe ukuze asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukufakelwa okusheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakelwa umnkantsha wamathambo
- Kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kanye nezinkinga zokopha
- Ingozi encishisiwe yabanikeli kanye nokungakhululeki okuhambisana nokubulala izinzwa okuvamile kanye nokukhishwa komnkantsha ngokuhlinzwa
- Inketho yokwelapha etholakala kabanzi
- Izinga lokwehla okungenzeka lomdlavuza ophinde uvele
- Kungasiza ekuphumzeni amasosha omzimba (Immunomodulation)
Preview: Ukuvunwa Kwe-Bone Marrow Harvesting (BMH) inqubo yokuqoqa amaseli e-hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) anempilo ukuze kutshalwe i-Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT), esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zegazi (i-leukemia, i-lymphoma) kanye nezinkinga zofuzo ngokufaka esikhundleni se-marrow eyonakele bese uyibuyisela ngemisha.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Phakathi nenqubo, umnikeli ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile unezimbobo eziningi ezincane esiqwini sangemuva se-iliac ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuthi umongo ufakwe kumasirinji ahlanziwe.
- Umnkantsha ube usuhlungwa ukuze kususwe udoti ngaphambi kokuba ucutshungulwe ukuze ufakwe ngokushesha noma ugcinwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakelwa kweseli le-stem elisezingeni eliphezulu.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuzivikela komzimba kweziguli
- Ithuba lokusindisa impilo yabanikeli
- Yandisa izinketho zokwelapha ezibucayi zeziguli
Preview: I-chemotherapy esezingeni eliphezulu ihlose ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza anamandla futhi idale ukuphulukiswa kwesikhathi eside ezifweni ezifana ne-lymphoma kanye ne-multiple myeloma. Iphinde isebenze ekuqedeni umongo wethambo owonakele futhi ivimbele isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ivumele amangqamuzana amasha okuqala ukuba akhule ngaphandle kokwenqatshwa.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Inqubo iqala ngokuthuthwa nokuqoqwa kwama-stem cell nge-apheresis, abese egcinwa kuze kube yilapho isiguli sesiqede ukwelashwa okunamandla kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali aphezulu.
- Lokhu kwelashwa okunamandla kubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye nomnkantsha osele, kulungiselela umzimba ukufakwa kwamaseli okuqala aqandisiwe nge-catheter ephakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ngemva kokufakelwa, isiguli singena esigabeni sokufakelwa, lapho amangqamuzana amasha eqala ukukhiqiza izingxenye zegazi ezinempilo ngenkathi ethola ukubhekwa okujulile kwezokwelapha nokunakekelwa okusekelayo.
Izinzuzo:
- Izinga lokuphendula lesimila elikhuphukile
- Ithuba elingcono lokulawula izifo isikhathi eside
- Ukubuyiselwa komsebenzi womongo wethambo
- Izinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe
- Inketho engase yelapheke
Buka kuqala: I-Total Body Irradiation (TBI) isetshenziswa kanye ne-chemotherapy esezingeni eliphezulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ekuqondiseni izindawo ezithintekile eziyinhloko lapho imithi evamile ingase ingafinyeleli khona. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuhlanza umongo wamathambo okhona nokucindezela amasosha omzimba esiguli, okuvumela amangqamuzana okuqala anikelayo ukuthi akhule ngaphandle kokwenqatshwa.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Inqubo iqala ngokuhlaziya nokuhlela okunembile, okuhlanganisa ukuskena kwe-CT kanye nokuvikela okukhethekile ukuvikela izitho ezibalulekile njengamaphaphu nezinso emisebeni.
Kusetshenziswa i-accelerator eqondile, imisebe inikezwa - umzimba wonke ngezingxenye eziningi ezinsukwini eziningana, okunikeza izicubu ezinempilo isikhathi sokululama phakathi nokwelashwa.
- Ithimba lezokwelapha lihlala lihlola isiguli ukuthola imiphumela emibi, njengesicanucanu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sizinzile ngokwanele ukuze sifakwe i-stem cell.
Izinzuzo:
- Ibulala umdlavuza ngamandla, ithuthukise ukusinda
- Kuthuthukisa impumelelo yokukhula kwamaseli anikelayo
Preview: Imithi eqondiwe kanye nemithi yokwelapha ngokuzivikela komzimba ifuna ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokukhetha ngenkathi igcina izicubu ezinempilo, yandisa amazinga okusinda, futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila iyonke. Le mithi ivumela amasosha omzimba ukuthi athole inkumbulo yesikhathi eside ukuze aqhubeke nokuphulukiswa futhi agweme ukuphinda agule ngokwenza ukwelashwa okusekelwe kuma-biomarker ahlukile ezakhi zofuzo.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okuqondisiwe kuvame ukulethwa ngokufaka i-intravenous infusion, amaphilisi omlomo, noma imijovo yendawo, kuye ngokuthi umuthi ungakanani.
- Izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile, njengokwelashwa kwamaseli e-CAR-T kanye nokufakwa kwe-donor lymphocyte, zidinga ukuguqulwa okukhulu kwelabhorethri kumaseli noma amasampula abanikeli ukuze kutholakale impendulo enamandla negxile ekulweni nomdlavuza.
Izinzuzo:
- Ifundisa amangqamuzana ukuhlasela umdlavuza
- Kwakha inkumbulo yomzimba ehlala isikhathi eside
- Yelapha umdlavuza omelana nomdlavuza noma osakazekayo (osakazekayo)
- Imiphumela emibi embalwa ehlobene ne-chemotherapy
- Igcina amaseli anempilo ngeprotheni
- Kukhulisa umthelela ngenkathi kunciphisa ukulimala
- Kuthuthukisa amazinga okuguqulwa kwezakhi ezithile zomzimba
- Kuthuthukisa impendulo futhi kuvimbele ukumelana
Preview: Ukwelashwa ngamaseli e-CAR T uhlobo lokwelashwa okusha kwe-immunotherapy okuhlose ukushintsha amasosha omzimba esiguli ukuze kulwiwe nomdlavuza. Ama-T lymphocyte angashintshwa ngofuzo ukuze athole futhi abulale izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli anobungozi noma izimila emzimbeni wesiguli, ngaleyo ndlela elapha umdlavuza ngokushesha noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kanye nesimo saso sonke kuyabuyekezwa, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa kwanoma yiziphi izici ezithile zomdlavuza, lapho udokotela ohlinzayo esusa khona amaseli e-T esiguli egazini lawo endaweni yelabhorethri esebenzisa inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-leuapheresis.
- Igciwane elingenangozi linikeza ikhodi yezakhi zofuzo ukwakha ama-receptor e-antigen okwenziwa, akhuliswa ngenkathi isiguli sithola i-chemotherapy yokukhipha ama-lymphodepleting ukuze sakhe indawo enhle yokubuyiselwa kwawo.
Amaseli e-CAR-T ngaphambilini aphinde ahlasela izimila ngesikhathi esifanayo enikeza nokuzivikela kwesikhathi eside.
Izinzuzo:
- Ifinyelela amandla aphelele okwelapha
- Kwandisa amazinga okusinda kwesiguli
- Inikeza ukwelashwa okuqondiswe ngokunembe kakhulu
- Kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kwezindlela eziningi
- Sheshisa ukwelashwa nokululama
- Kuqinisekisa ukuphulukiswa komdlavuza isikhathi eside
Buka kuqala: I-Donor Lymphocyte Infusion (DLI) ilwa nokugula okuncane okusele kanye nokubuyela emuva ngokubangela umthelela onamandla we-graft-versus-tumor kumaseli omdlavuza asele. Iphinde iqinise amasosha omzimba omuntu otholayo, isize ekululameni ekuhlulekeni kokufakelwa kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga ezixubile.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- I-Apheresis isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa ama-lymphocyte anikelayo egazini, acutshungulwe ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ngaphambi kokunikezwa isiguli nge-IV.
- Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umthelela wokwelapha "wokuxhunyelelwa ngokumelene nomdlavuza" ngenkathi kunciphisa ingozi yokugula kokufakelwa ngokumelene nomdlavuza, amaqembu ezokwelapha avame ukujova la maseli ngobuningi obukhulayo emavikini amaningi.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuxolelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside
- Ukwelapha okuhlosiwe
- Kuqiza kahle
- Ukusinda okuthuthukisiwe
Preview: I-Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP) ibhekana nesifo se-graft-versus-host (GVHD) ngokukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokusebenzisa ama-T-cell alawulayo ngenkathi igcina umthelela obalulekile we-graft-versus-leukemia. Le ndlela yenza iziguli zinciphise ukuthembela kwazo kuma-corticosteroids anesilinganiso esiphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise isikhathi sazo sokuphila kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ngokunciphisa ubuthi obuhlobene nokwelashwa.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- I-Leukapheresis (Ukuqoqwa Kwamaseli): Igazi lesiguli liyaqoqwa futhi lifakwe emishinini ekhethekile ukuze kuhlukaniswe ungqimba olugcwele ama-leukocyte, kuyilapho izingxenye ezisele, njengamaseli abomvu egazi kanye ne-plasma, zibuyiselwa emzimbeni.
- Ukwenza kusebenze isithombe: Amaseli amhlophe ahlukanisiwe ahlanganiswa ne-8-methoxypsoralen futhi afakwe ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet, okubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuthi kunamathele ku-DNA yeselula futhi kubangele ukufa kwamaseli okuhleliwe kuma-lymphocyte asebenzayo.
- Ukufakwa kabusha: Amaseli afile aphinde afakwa emzimbeni amuncwa amaseli aveza ama-antigen, alawula impendulo yomzimba futhi akhe ukubekezelelana.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelashweni kwe-GVHD
- Iphrofayili yokuphepha ethandekayo
- Ingozi encishisiwe yokutheleleka kanye nomdlavuza
- Ukuyeka noma ukunciphisa umthamo we-steroid
- Ukusebenza kwezitho okuthuthukisiwe
- Impendulo ehlala isikhathi eside
Preview: Ukushintshaniswa kwe-plasma yokwelapha (i-TPE) kuzinzisa iziguli ngokususa amagciwane anjenge-autoantibodies kanye namaprotheni amaningi, kubuyisela ukujiya kwegazi kanye nebhalansi ye-immunological. Kusebenza njengebhuloho elibalulekile lokwelashwa okuqinisekile kwezimo ezisongela ukuphila.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Inqubo iqala ngokusungula ukufinyelela kwemithambo yegazi kanye nokufaka i-anticoagulant egazini ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi njengoba lingena emshinini we-apheresis.
- Imishini ihlukanisa i-plasma ezingxenyeni zamaseli ngokuyi-centrifugation noma ngokuyihlunga, okuvumela i-plasma enesifo ukuthi iqoqwe futhi ilahlwe.
- Ekugcineni, uketshezi oluthathe indawo yalo, njenge-albumin noma i-plasma eqandisiwe entsha, luxutshwa namaseli esiguli bese lubuyiselwa emzimbeni ukuze kulondolozwe umthamo wegazi kanye nomfutho walo.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuzinza okusheshayo ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila eziyingozi
- Ukuthuthukisa izimpawu ngokushesha kunokwelashwa kwemithi
- Ukuphathwa kwezimo eziningana ezithile
Iphrofayili yokuphepha ephezulu
Preview: Ukwelashwa kwezingxenye zegazi kuhlose ukwandisa ukuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo nokunciphisa ukopha ngokufaka igazi eliqondiwe kumaseli abomvu egazi, ama-platelet, noma izingxenye ze-plasma ngokusekelwe esimweni esiyingqayizivele sesiguli. Le ndlela yonga izindleko futhi inciphisa ingozi yabanikeli ngenkathi inikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile kwe-immunological futhi ivumela ukufakwa komnkantsha onempilo.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuhlonza kwesiguli kanye nokuhambisana kwegazi, odokotela bahlola izimpawu ezibalulekile bese beqala ukungena ngemithambo yegazi ukuze baqale inqubo.
- Ingxenye yegazi iqale inikezwe kancane ukuze kubhekwe izimpendulo ezingezinhle ngaphambi kokuba inyuswe kancane kancane emahoreni ambalwa.
- Kuyo yonke inqubo, ochwepheshe baqapha izimpawu ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli kuze kube yilapho umuthi usuqediwe futhi umugqa usuhoxisiwe.
Izinzuzo:
- Ihlose ukwelashwa okuqondile ngqo
- Izinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe
- Sekela ukukhula kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko
- Ukwelashwa noma ukuthethelelwa okungenzeka kwesikhathi eside kwezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wegazi
- Ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe
- Kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ezilinganiselwe
Preview: Ukwelashwa Nge-Iron Chelation (ICT) kuvikela izitho zomzimba ngokunciphisa izinhlobo zensimbi eziyingozi nokulawula amazinga ensimbi kubantu abangakwazi ukukhipha insimbi eningi ngemva kokumpontshelwa igazi. Ngokunciphisa amazinga ensimbi ezinhlayiyeni zenhliziyo, isibindi, kanye ne-endocrine, lo muthi uthuthukisa ukusinda kwesikhathi eside kanye nemiphumela yezokwelapha yeziguli ezifakelwe umnkantsha wamathambo.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- I-iron chelation iyindlela yokwelapha engeyona eyokuhlinzwa ehilela ukunikeza imithi evunyelwe ochwepheshe ngokuyinika kancane ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma imithi efanelana nayo elula, kanye ngosuku, ukulawula amazinga ensimbi.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Iron Chelation kuqala lapho ukugcwala kwe-ferritin egazini noma kwezitho zomzimba kubonisa ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ngokuvamile ngemva kokumpontshelwa igazi izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kwezingama-20.
- Odokotela bashintsha umthamo we-chelator kanye nemvamisa kuye ngokutholakala okuqhubekayo kwelebhu kanye nezithombe ukuze balondoloze ukuvikelwa kwezitho zomzimba ngenkathi begwema ubuthi bemithi.
Izinzuzo:
- Kuvimbela futhi kubuyisele emuva ukulimala kwenhliziyo
- Ivikela ukusebenza kwesibindi
- Ivikela izitho ze-endocrine
- Kuthuthukisa amazinga okusinda
- Kuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-BMT
- Ukuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kwe-hematological
Preview: Ukwelashwa ngokucindezela amasosha omzimba kukhuthaza ukufakwa kwe-subordinator okuphumelelayo futhi kugwema isifo se-graft-versus-host ngokunciphisa amasosha omzimba omuntu otholayo kanye nokunciphisa ukuziphatha kwamaseli onikelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mithi ivumela izindlela zokulungisa isimo eziqinile ukuthi zisuse umdlavuza futhi zilawule umongo wamathambo ozimele ukuthi ungaphumeleli ngokulondoloza amaseli okuqala esiguli ekuhlaselweni kwangaphakathi.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlinza:
- Ukuvunwa Kwamaseli Esiqu: Amaseli esiqu akhishwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokungapheresis engahlinzwa egazini noma ngokuhlinzwa ethanjeni le-pelvic.
- Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Ezithathelwanayo (Ukuhlinzwa Kwangaphambi Kokufakelwa): Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, isiguli sithola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma imisebe ephezulu ukuze kucindezelwe amasosha omzimba futhi kuqedwe amaseli agulayo.
- Ukufakelwa: Amaseli okuqala aphilile anikezwa ngemithambo yegazi, njengokumpontshelwa igazi, futhi asakazeka ngokuzenzakalelayo emnkantsheni wethambo ukuze aqalise ukufakwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukufakelwa okuphumelelayo kubuyisela ukukhiqizwa okuvamile kwamangqamuzana abomvu.
- Nikeza ikhambi elingase libe khona leziguli ezinezifo ezibulalayo noma ezingezona ezibulalayo.
- Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila
- Izinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe
- Ezimweni ezithile, nciphisa ingozi yokubuyela emuva
Izimo ze-Hematology ezithuthukisiwe kanye ne-BMT kanye nezinyathelo eziphelele
Izifo ze-Hematological ziyizinkinga zempilo ezithinta igazi, umongo wamathambo, kanye nezinhlelo ze-lymphatic, njenge-leukemia, i-lymphomas, i-anemias, kanye nokuntuleka kwe-immunological, okungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yesiguli iyonke kanye nokuzivikela komzimba. Nakuba eziningi zalezi zinkinga zinzima, ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okukhethekile, njengokwelashwa kwamaseli noma ukufakelwa, kungabangela ukuphulukiswa futhi kwandise kakhulu amazinga okusinda isikhathi eside.
Izibhedlela zaseYashoda zinikeza ukwelashwa kwe-hematology okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-BMT, okuholwa abanye bodokotela be-hemato-oncologist abangcono kakhulu kanye nochwepheshe bokufakelwa izitho eHyderabad, eNdiya, ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okuphelele kwezifo eziningi ezihlobene negazi. Ochwepheshe bethu bangochwepheshe ekutholakaleni okunembile kwezifo zama-molecule kanye nezinhlelo zokwelapha ezilungiselelwe izidingo zofuzo nezemitholampilo zesiguli ngasinye, okusenza sibe esinye sezibhedlela ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa umnkantsha kanye nokunakekelwa kwe-hematological.
Nazi izinkinga ezivamile neziyinkimbinkimbi ze-hematological lapho iziguli zingase zifakelwe khona umongo wamathambo kanye nokufakelwa amaseli e-stem ngenxa yezifo eziningi ezibulalayo nezingezona ezibulalayo.
Uhlu Lwezifo Nezimo Ezithuthukisiwe Zegazi Ne-BMT:
- I-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YONKE)
- I-Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
- I-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
- I-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- I-Lymphoma engeyona i-Hodgkin
- I-neuroblastoma
- Izicubu zesibindi
- I-sarcoma
- I-Rhabdomyosarcoma
- I-aplastic Anemia
- I-Fanconi Anemia
- I-Sickle Cell Anemia
- Thalassemia
- Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukuzivikela Okuqinile Esihlanganisiwe (i-SCID)
- I-Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- Isifo Esingamahlalakhona Se-Granulomatous
- I-Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- ILangerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Ama-Syndromes kaMyelodysplastic
- I-Myelofibrosis
- I-Myelomonocytic Leukemia Engapheli
- I-Polycythemia Vera (Ingozi Ephakeme)
- I-Myelomonocytic Leukemia Engapheli
- I-Myeloma eminingi
- I-Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Isifo saseKrabe
- Isifo SikaGaucher
- I-Osteopetrosis
- I-Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
- I-Dyskeratosis Congenita
- I-Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia (CAMT)
- I-Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- I-Multiple & Systemic Sclerosis
Izimpawu ze-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YONKE)
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
- Ukutheleleka njalo/umkhuhlane
- Ukulimala/ ukopha kalula
- Ubuhlungu bamathambo/amalunga
- Izimbali ezivuvukala ze-lymph
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izithukuthuku ebusuku
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma umuzwa wokugcwala
- Ukuncipha kwesisindo noma ukulahlekelwa ukudla
Izimbangela ze-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YONKE)
- Izimbangela eziqondile azaziwa, kodwa kunezici ezithile eziyingozi ezibangela lokhu.
- Ukuguqulwa kofuzo
- Izimo ezizuzwe njenge-Down syndrome
- Ukuchayeka emvelweni – amakhemikhali athile noma imisebe esezingeni eliphezulu
- Ingozi ephezulu ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala
Izimpawu ze-Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
- Ubuthakathaka bokukhathala
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
- Ukulimala/ ukopha kalula
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
- Umkhuhlane nokujuluka ebusuku
- Ubuhlungu bamathambo namalunga
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla
Izimbangela ze-Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
- Izibangeli ezingaziwa
- Ukuguqulwa kofuzo
- Izici zemvelo: i-benzene, imisebe ye-ionizing, imithi ye-chemotherapy.
- Izici Zendlela Yokuphila: Ukubhema kuyisici esaziwayo esiyingozi
- Izinkinga zegazi zangaphambilini: i-myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) noma yimuphi omunye umdlavuza wegazi
Izimpawu ze-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
- Ukugcwala kwesisu/ubuhlungu
- Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki kanye nomkhuhlane
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- Izithukuthuku ebusuku
- Ubuhlungu be-Bone
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukopha/ukulimala okwandisiwe
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
Izimbangela ze-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okutholiwe
- Iphrotheni engavamile
- Izibangeli ezingaziwa
- I-chromosome ye-Philadelphia
Izimpawu ze-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Ubuhlungu obubangelwa utshwala
- Ukungathandeki kwesifuba
- Ukukhathala
- Isikhumba esilumayo
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- Umkhuhlane nokujuluka ebusuku
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph node okungenabuhlungu
Izimbangela ze-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Okuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala abasebasha nabadala
- Isihlobo esiseduze esinesifo sikaHodgkin sandisa ingozi
- Ukubhema ugwayi
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Epstein-Barr
- Izinkinga zesimiso somzimba
- Ukwakheka kwamaseli okungajwayelekile (Ukulimala)
Izimpawu ze-Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Izimbali ezivuvukala ze-lymph
- Umkhuhlane namakhaza
- Ukujuluka ebusuku okumanzi
- Ukukhathala okungapheli
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kubangela ukulunywa
- Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma umuzwa wokugcwala
- Ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izinkinga ngokulinganisela umzimba
- Izinguquko zombono noma ikhanda
Izimbangela ze-Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Izifo: I-Hepatitis C, i-H.pylori, igciwane le-Epstein-Barr
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: i-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-lupus
- Umlando womndeni we-lymphoma
- Okuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala
- Izici zemvelo: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali noma izingozi zomsebenzi
Izimpawu ze-Neuroblastoma
- Ukuvuvukala esiswini, entanyeni, noma esifubeni
- Amehlo avuvukele, imibuthano emnyama, noma izinkophe ezigobile
- Ubuhlungu ezingalweni/emilenzeni/emhlane noma ekuxhugeni
- Ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, ukuqunjelwa, ubunzima bokudla
- Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, umkhuhlane, ukucasuka, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma ukwehla kwesisindo
- Amaqhubu angenabuhlungu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwesikhumba
- Amaqhubu avuvukele entanyeni, emakhwapheni, noma embotsheni
- Isikhumba esikhanyayo, ukudumba okulula, ukutheleleka okulula
Izinkinga ze-Neuroblastoma
- Ukuguqulwa kofuzo
- Okuvame kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane
- Isifo sofuzo esizuzwe kubazali
- Azikho izimbangela ezicacile zemvelo noma zendlela yokuphila
Izimpawu Zezimila Zobuchopho
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elivame ukuba libi kakhulu elingaphenduli emithini yokunciphisa ubuhlungu
- Ukuxhuzula okusha noma okungavamile, ukuxhuzula, noma izinguquko zezinzwa
- Ukuphindeka kabili, ukufiphala, noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle, noma ukukhanya okubonakalayo
- Izinkinga zememori, ukudideka, izinguquko ezicini zobuntu, ukucasuka, noma ukunganaki
- Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukungazinzile, ukungakhululeki, noma ikakhulukazi ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.
- Ukukhala kwendlebe (i-tinnitus), ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukukhuluma okungacacile, ubunzima bokuthola amagama
- Ukuhlanza okungachazeki kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nekhanda elibuhlungu.
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile noma ukozela
Izimbangela Zezimila Zobuchopho
- Imbangela engaziwa, kodwa izici ezithile eziyingozi zingase zibangele lesi simo
- Izici zofuzo ezizuzwe njenge-neurofibromatosis
- Isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela
- Kungenzeka kube ngamagciwane athile njengegciwane le-Epstein-Barr
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni ngesilinganiso esiphezulu noma ukuchayeka emisebeni ngaphambilini
- Umdlavuza ovela emaphashini, emabeleni, esikhumbeni, noma ezinso osakazeka ebuchosheni
Funda kabanzi mayelana - Izicubu zesibindi
Izimpawu ze-Ewing Sarcoma
- Ngokuyinhloko, ubuhlungu obungacacile nobungaguquki bamathambo obuba bubi ebusuku futhi bungapheli lapho uphumule.
- Ukuphuka kwethambo ngenxa yokulimala okuncane, njengoba ithambo lase libuthakathaka.
- Ukukhathala okuphelele kanye nokwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki
- Amaqhubu noma ukuvuvukala eduze kwezindawo zamathambo ezithintekile
- Ukukhathala nokuncipha kwesisindo
- Fever
- Ukuba ndikindiki, ubuthakathaka emalungeni
- Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuxhuga
Izinkinga ze-Ewing sarcoma
- Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha bathinteka kakhulu
- Izakhi zofuzo ezingajwayelekile emzimbeni zitshela amangqamuzana ukuthi aziphathe ngendlela ehlukile, akhule ngendlela engavamile, futhi akhe izimila.
- Izinguquko ze-DNA ezingahleliwe ezingazuzwa njengefa
Ngokuvamile kuvela ekulimaleni kwezakhi zofuzo ze-EWS- - I-gene ye-fusion ye-FLI1
Izimpawu ze-Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Ukukhathala, ukujuluka ebusuku, ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki, ama-lymph node akhulisiwe
- Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuqaqamba kweziphetho zemizwa ezisebenzayo
- Ubunzima bokuchama noma ukuhamba kwamathumbu
- Ukulawulwa kabi kwesinyi noma amathumbu
- Amajwabu amehlo abuthakathaka, amehlo avuvukele, izinguquko zombono, ubuhlungu bendlebe, ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuminyana
Izimbangela ze-Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kuvame ukubonakala ngezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa
- Ama-syndromes azuzwe njengefa ahlotshaniswa nesifo sofuzo
- Ukuchayeka okungajwayelekile kwe-x-ray ngaphambi kokubeletha noma umuthi wokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Izimpawu ze-Aplastic Anemia
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile okubangelwa inani eliphansi le-WBC
- Ukulimala okulula nokopha
- Ukopha kwempumulo noma ukopha kwezinsini
- Ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini
- Isiyezi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Isikhumba esiphezulu
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- I-Petechiae
- Ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane
Izinkinga ze-Aplastic Anemia
- Izifo zokuzivikela komzimba zihlasela amaseli okuqala omnkantsha wamathambo
- Ubuthi noma ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, njenge-benzene, izibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane, noma izinsimbi ezisindayo
- Imithi ethile
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma umdlavuza
- Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-HIV, i-EBV, noma i-Hepatitis
- Ezinye izifo ezizuzwe njengefa, njenge-Fanconi anemia noma i-dyskeratosis congenita
- Ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhulelwa kuyimbangela ebangela
Izimpawu ze-Fanconi Anemia
- Okuhlobene namathambo: ukukhathala, ukuphaphatheka, ukuphuka kalula, izifo ezithathelwana njalo, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nokopha ekhaleni.
- Isiqu esifushane
- Umbala wesikhumba ohlukile
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
- Ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko
- Amasende amancane
- Ukukhubazeka kwesandla/isithupha
- Ingozi eyengeziwe ye-acute myeloid leukemia noma izicubu eziqinile
Izimbangela ze-Fanconi Anemia
- Ifa lezakhi zofuzo, lapho ingane ithola khona lesi sakhi sofuzo esiguquliwe kubazali bobabili
- Ukulungiswa kwe-DNA okubangelwa izakhi zofuzo ezinephutha
Izimpawu zeSickle Cell Anemia
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emathanjeni esifubeni nasemathanjeni amalunga esisu obuhlala amahora amaningi kuya ezinsukwini eziningi.
- Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukuphaphatheka, noma ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ezandleni nasezinyaweni kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala ezinganeni (i-Hand-foot syndrome noma i-dactylitis)
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile, njengobende olonakele
- jaundice
- Stroke
- Izinkinga zembono
- I-Acute chest syndrome (ubuhlungu besifuba nezinkinga zokuphefumula)
Izimbangela Ze-Sickle Cell Anemia
- Ifa lezakhi zofuzo, lapho ingane ithola khona lesi sakhi sofuzo esiguquliwe kubazali bobabili
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-HBB
- I-hemoglobin engajwayelekile
- Ukuntuleka komoyampilo
Izimpawu ze-Thalassemia
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- Isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma esiphuzi
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukukhula kancane kanye nokuthomba okulibazisekayo
- Umchamo omnyama
- Isiyezi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
- Ama-gallstones
- Izinkinga zamathambo
- Ubende olukhulisiwe noma isibindi
- Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo obuso
Izinkinga ze-Thalassemia
- Izakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe kubazali, okubangela ukuphazamiseka kokukhiqizwa kwe-hemoglobin
- Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuholela kumaseli abomvu egazi ambalwa noma angajwayelekile
- Ukusabalala kwendawo njengesici esiyinhloko sengozi
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Thalassemia
Izimpawu ze-Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SCID)
- Ukukhula kwemvubelo okuqhubekayo emlonyeni kanye nokuqubuka kwenabukeni
- I-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, noma i-meningitis
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus, izifo zendlebe, noma izifo zesikhumba ezinzima
- Uhudo olungapheli, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukwehlisa isisindo
- Ukungakwazi ukukhuluphala noma ukukhula ngokwemvelo
- Ukuqubuka okufana ne-eczema
- Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinzima njenge-chicken pox noma izilonda zomkhuhlane
Izimbangela ze-Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SCID)
Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kuvimbela ukwakheka nokusebenza kahle kwamaseli e-T, amaseli e-B, kanye namaseli okubulala emvelo, okushiya izinsana zingenakuzivikela
Izimpawu ze-Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile, okunzima, okubangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta.
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okukhulu, okulumayo, nokuvuvukala (i-atopic dermatitis)
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo njenge-anemia, i-arthritis, i-vasculitis, kanye ne-IBD
- Ingozi ephezulu yomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ama-lymphoma kanye nama-leukemia
- Ama-lymph node avuvukele kanye ne-spleen ekhulisiwe
Izimbangela ze-Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-WAS, okubalulekile kumaseli omzimba kanye nokusebenza kwama-platelet
Ukungasebenzi kahle kweplatelet
Izimpawu Zesifo Esingamahlalakhona Se-Granulomatous
- I-pneumonia
- Izimbali ezivuvukala ze-lymph
- Izifo zendlebe
- Amathumba esikhumba
- Osteomyelitis
- Ukuvuvukala emaphashini, esibindini, esiswini,
- amathumbu, noma esinyeni, okubangela ukuvaleka, noma isifo sikaCrohn
- Amathumba, ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, izilonda emlonyeni, noma ukubomvu
- Isibindi/isinqe esikhulu (i-hepatosplenomegaly)
- Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwesikhunta, njenge-pneumonia, okuvela ekuchayweni kwemvelo
Izimbangela Zesifo Esingamahlalakhona Se-Granulomatous
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuvimbela ama-WBC ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali athile nasekuqedeni amabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta esidliwe yizinhlobo ze-oxygen ezisebenzayo
- Ifa elivela kubazali, ikakhulukazi lithinta abesilisa
Izimpawu ze-Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Ukucasuka, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka, i-coma
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu nohlala isikhathi eside
- Ukuphuza isikhumba
- Ukukhwehlela kwe-jaundice
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukuphefumula kanzima
- Inani eliphansi lamaplatelet (i-thrombocytopenia)
- Inani eliphansi le-WBC (i-neutropenia)
- Isibindi esivuvukile, i-spleen, nama-lymph node
- I-anemia
Izimbangela ze-Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr kanye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, isikhunta, noma izimuncagazi
- Umdlavuza wegazi njenge-leukemia noma i-lymphoma
- I-Lupus noma i-Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- Ukukhubazeka kwesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela okuzuzwe njengefa
- Izinkinga ze-metabolic
Izimpawu ze-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala kwekhanda, umhlathi, nezimbambo, ukwaphuka, kanye nokuxhuga
- Amehlo avuvukele avele enenkinga yokubona
- Ukukhwehlela okomile, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ubuhlungu bendlebe, ukuphuma kwamanzi, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
- Ukoma kakhulu noma ukuchama
- Ukukhathala, ukuphuka kalula, noma ukutheleleka okuvamile
- Izinkinga zokulinganisela
- Izinguquko zokuziphatha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuquleka
Izimbangela ze-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Imbangela eyinhloko engaziwa
Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okutholiwe kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRAF, okwenza amangqamuzana akhule ngokungalawuleki
Amagciwane noma ubuthi bemvelo budlala indima ebalulekile
Kubonakala kakhulu ezinganeni, kubantu abadala, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokubhema, okuthinta amaphaphu kuphela.
Izimpawu ze-Myelodysplastic Syndromes
- Ubuthakathaka, ukuntuleka kwamandla, ukukhathala
- Ukuphefumula kanzima, isikhumba esikhanyayo
- Ikhanda elikhanyayo noma isiyezi
- Isikhathi esinzima nesinde sokuya esikhathini
- Khomba amabala abomvu ngaphansi kwesikhumba
- Ukopha njalo ekhaleni, ukopha ezinsinini
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile nokubi kakhulu kwama-sinus, amaphaphu, isikhumba, kanye nomgudu womchamo
- Fever
Izimbangela ze-Myelodysplastic Syndromes
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza noma ngemisebe kwangaphambilini
Ingozi iyanda njengoba ukhula - Izici zemvelo, njengentuthu yokushisela, izibulala-zinambuzane, i-benzene, intuthu kagwayi, kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo (njengomthofu kanye ne-mercury)
- Izimo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa noma ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosome
Izimpawu ze-Myelofibrosis
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
- Ubuhlungu bamathambo/amalunga
- Ukopha/ukulimala
- Izithukuthuku ebusuku
- Umkhuhlane kanye nokwehlisa isisindo
- Ukulunywa okukhulu kwesikhumba
- Ubende/isibindi esikhulu
- Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
Izinkinga ze-Myelofibrosis
- Izinguquko ze-DNA ezitholakale kumaseli egazi
Ukuqongelela kwezibazi zomnkantsha ngenxa yokusebenza okungajwayelekile kweseli - I-Extramedullary hematopoiesis (Isibindi kanye ne-spleen azikwazi ukwenza amaseli egazi)
- Izimbangela ezingaziwa zibonakala kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile
- Kungavela kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezihlobene negazi njenge-polycythemia vera noma i-essential thrombocythemia
Izimpawu ze-Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki kanye nokulahlekelwa ukudla
- Umkhuhlane nokujuluka ebusuku
- Ukugcwala kwesisu/ubuhlungu
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
- Ubuhlungu be-Bone
Izimbangela ze-Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Abantu abadala ababhekene nalesi simo impilo yabo yonke
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezitholakale kumaseli egazi kuphazamisa imisebenzi yawo
- Ukuguqulwa kwamaseli e-stem okungavamile okukhiqiza amaseli amhlophe egazi amaningi kakhulu
Izimpawu ze-Polycythemia Vera (Ingozi Ephakeme)
- Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga okubuhlungu ngenxa ye-uric acid ephezulu
- Ukubona okufiphele noma okuphindwe kabili kwamabala amnyama phezu kwamehlo
- Ukujuluka ebusuku, ukwehla kwesisindo, nezinkinga zokuphefumula
- Ukugcwala okuvela ebhodweni elikhulisiwe
- Ukusha/ukuthuthumela/ubuthakathaka ezandleni/ezinyaweni
- Ubuso obubomvu/obunsomi
- Ukopha ekhaleni, ukopha ezinsinini, ukuya esikhathini okunzima
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, i-tinnitus
- Ukuluma, ukukhathala, kanye nobuthakathaka
Izimbangela ze-Polycythemia Vera (Ingozi Ephakeme)
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-JAK2 kubangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamaseli egazi ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile.
- Amahlule egazi aholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, unhlangothi, kanye ne-DVT
- Izibazi zomnkantsha wamathambo ziholela ekukhathaleni okukhulu, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, ubuhlungu bamathambo, kanye nokwanda kwesibindi/ubende.
Izimpawu ze-Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki kanye nokulahlekelwa ukudla
- Umkhuhlane nokujuluka ebusuku
- Ukugcwala kwesisu/ubuhlungu
- Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
- Izifo ezitholakala njalo
- Ubuhlungu be-Bone
Izimbangela ze-Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
- Abantu abadala ababhekene nalesi simo impilo yabo yonke
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezitholakale kumaseli egazi kuphazamisa imisebenzi yawo
- Ukuguqulwa kwamaseli e-stem okungavamile okukhiqiza amaseli amhlophe egazi amaningi kakhulu
Izimpawu ze-Myeloma eminingi
- Ukoma, ukuchama njalo, noma ukuqunjelwa
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile okubangelwa yisimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka
- Ukuba ndikindiki, ubuthakathaka, ukuqaqamba kwezindebe
- Ubuhlungu emhlane, ezimbanjeni nasezinqeni
- Amathambo abuthakathaka kanye nokuqhekeka
- Ukulinyazwa okulula
- I-Nosebleeds
Izinkinga ze-Myeloma eminingi
- Umlando womndeni
- Indawo
- Izinguquko ze-DNA ezitholakale kumaseli e-plasma
Izimpawu ze-Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Izinkinga zokubona, ukulahlekelwa umbono, ukubhekabheka
- Ubunzima bokubhala, ukukhuluma, noma ukufunda
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
- Ukuquleka, ukukhubazeka, i-progressive dementia, i-coma
- Izinguquko zokuziphatha, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
- Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile
- Impandla ngaphambi kwesikhathi
- Ukungasebenzi kahle komchamo/amathumbu noma ukungakwazi ukuzibamba
- Isicanucanu ukuhlanza
- Ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba
- Ushukela ophansi egazini kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi
Izinkinga ze-Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwe-chromosome X
- Ukwakheka kochungechunge olude lwama-fatty acid ebuchosheni, emgogodleni, ezinzwa, nasezindlala ze-adrenal
- Ukulimala kokufakwa kwemizwa kanye nezindlala ze-adrenal, okuholela ezinkingeni zemizwa kanye nama-hormone
- Ifa elixhunywe ngu-X
Izimpawu ze-Krabbe Disease
- Ukucasuka okukhulu
- Ukuzwela umsindo/ukukhanya
- Imisipha egobile ilandelwa ukuqina
- Ukulawula ikhanda okungekuhle kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula
- Ubuthakathaka kanye nokubuyela emuva
- Ubunzima bokudla nokugwinya
- Ukubona nokungezwa
- Umkhuhlane nokuhlanza okungachazeki
- ukuquleka
Izinkinga ze-Krabbe Disease
- Isifo sofuzo esizuzwe njengefa ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-GALC
- Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme athile, okubangela ukuntuleka kwama-enzyme
Kubangela umonakalo omkhulu wezinzwa
Izimpawu zesifo sikaGaucher
- Ukukhula noma ukukhukhumala kwezitho zomzimba
- Ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka, ukwaphuka, nezinkinga zomnkantsha
- Ukuphuka/ukopha okulula kanye nokukhathala
- Ukukhula okubambezelekile noma ukuthomba
- Izimpawu ezinkulu zemizwa ezikhula ngokushesha lapho umuntu eneminyaka engu-2 ubudala
- Kuhlanganisa ukuquleka kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula
- Izinkinga zokunyakaza kwamehlo
- Ikhanda elikhulisiwe
- Ukuquleka, ukuphazamiseka kokunyakaza kwamehlo, kanye nezinkinga zegazi/zokuphefumula
Izimbangela Zesifo SikaGaucher
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-GBA1 kubangela ukuntuleka noma umsebenzi oncishisiwe kakhulu wama-enzyme athile, okuholela ekuqongeleleni kwamafutha.
- Kuvamile kubantu abanezakhi zofuzo ezimbili ze-GBA1 eziguquliwe, futhi kuvamile kubantu abanobuhlanga obuhlukahlukene.
Izimpawu ze-Osteopetrosis
- Amathambo abuthakathaka aphuka kalula
- Ukuma kwethambo okungavamile okunobuhlungu bethambo
- Ukubona nokungezwa
- Ukukhubazeka ebusweni
- I-Hydrocephalus ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwe-nerve bundle eyishumi nambili esuka ebuchosheni ngqo iye emzimbeni (i-Cranial nerves)
- I-anemia kanye nokuphuka kalula
- Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe, njengokutheleleka kwamathambo emhlathini (i-osteomyelitis)
- Ukuqhuma kwamazinyo okubambezelekile
- Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal
- Ubende/isibindi esikhulu
Izimbangela ze-Osteopetrosis
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa okubangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-osteoclast
- Ama-osteoclast ayahluleka ukuphula ithambo elidala, okwenza likhule libe likhulu futhi libe nzima futhi liphume ngaphandle.
Izimpawu ze-Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
- Ukungabi namandla
- Ukulala
- Ukuthukuthela
- Ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala, isikhumba esikhanyayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
- Ukuphefumula kanzima kanye nokungabi nesifiso sokudla
- Izinsana zingase zikhathale ngesikhathi zincelisa
- Ukukhuluphala okuncane kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula
- Ukukhubazeka komzimba kokuzalwa
Izimbangela ze-Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
- Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kokwakheka kwamaprotheni e-ribosomal, okuphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, okuthinta kakhulu umongo wamathambo, futhi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwawo ngaleyo ndlela kubangele i-anemia.
- Kungaba yifa noma kutholakale
Izimpawu ze-Dyskeratosis Congenita
- Ukwanda kwesikhumba okuthambile, ikakhulukazi entanyeni/esifubeni, esikhumbeni esibuthakathaka, kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele ngaphambi kwesikhathi
- Ukuqhekeka, ukugoba, ukuqina, noma ukukhula kancane kwezinzipho
- Amabala amhlophe ngaphakathi esihlathini, okungenzeka ukuthi abangela umdlavuza
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile, ukopha kwezinsini, ukuphuka kalula, ukukhathala
- Izinkinga zamazinyo, izinkinga zamehlo, ukubambezeleka kokukhula, kanye ne-pulmonary fibrosis
Izimbangela ze-Dyskeratosis Congenita
- Kudluliselwa ngokwezakhi zofuzo nge-chromosome exhunywe ku-X
- Ukuguga nokwehluleka kwamaseli e-stem ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okubangela izinkinga zesistimu eminingi
Izimpawu ze-Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia (CAMT)
- Ukopha: Ukopha kwezinsini, ukopha ekhaleni, igazi emchameni/esihlalweni, i-petechiae, ukopha okukhulu kwangaphakathi, ukushayeka kalula.
- Ukukhathala, ukutheleleka, kanye nengozi ekhulayo yokopha
Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa, ukuwohloka kwe-cerebellar)
Izimbangela ze-Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia (CAMT)
- Ukuguqulwa kofuzo
- Ukumisa ukukhula kwamaseli emnkantsheni wamathambo, naphezu kwamazinga aphezulu e-TPO
- Ukulahlekelwa okuphelele komsebenzi we-receptor okuholela ekubalweni okuphansi kwama-RBC, ama-WBC, nama-platelet
Izimpawu ze-Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-nitric oxide
- Izinkinga zezinso: ukunqwabelana kwe-hemosiderin (into yokugcina insimbi ensundu ngokusagolide)
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Umchamo onsundu noma onsundu omnyama
- Ubuhlungu, ukukhathala, kanye nobuthakathaka
- Amahlule egazi emithanjeni yesisu
- Ukulimala kalula noma ukopha
Izimbangela ze-Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Ukuguquka okungahleliwe okutholakale ngaphakathi komnkantsha wamathambo
- Lokhu kuguquka kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni avikelayo
- Ngaphandle kwala maprotheni, amasosha omzimba ahlasela ama-RBC, ama-WBC, nama-platelet.
- Isifo sokuhluleka komongo wamathambo
Izimpawu ze-Multiple Sclerosis kanye ne-Systemic Sclerosis
I-Systemic Sclerosis:
- Ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, ukuqina, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, kanye nokubukeka okukhazimulayo
- Ukushintsha kombala weminwe nezinzwane kube mhlophe noma luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa abandayo, okuhambisana nokuqaqamba noma ukungazweli
- Isilungulela, i-acid reflux, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa/uhudo, ubunzima bokugwinya
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukunqwabelana koketshezi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme emaphashini
Ubuhlungu, ukuqina, ubuthakathaka, ukuvuvukala
I-Multiple sclerosis:
- Ukulinganisela izinkinga zokuxhumanisa, ukuqaqamba, ubuthakathaka/ukukhubazeka, ukuba ndikindiki/ukuthuthumela
- Inkinga yokugxila/ukuqonda, izinkinga zenkumbulo
Ukukhathala okukhulu, ukushintsha kwemizwa, umuzwa wokushaqeka kagesi, inkulumo engacacile
Izimbangela ze-Multiple & Systemic Sclerosis
I-Systemic Sclerosis:
- Izimbangela ze-Idiopathic
- Amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile
- Ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi, ukunqwabelana kwe-collagen
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile
- Izinto ezibangela uthuli lwe-silica, i-vinyl chloride, kanye nemithi ethile
I-Multiple Sclerosis:
- Amasosha omzimba ahlasela imizwa ku-CNS
- Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D
- Ukubhema, ukutheleleka ngegciwane
- Umlando womndeni, indawo
Isibhedlela Esihamba Phambili Se-Hematology kanye ne-BMT Esinezindawo Zokuhlola Ezithuthukisiwe
Ochwepheshe bethu esibhedlela se-hematology esihamba phambili kanye ne-BMT eHyderabad bahlonyiselwe ukuxilonga nokuphatha izinhlobo eziningi zezinkinga zegazi, ukwehluleka komongo wamathambo, kanye nomdlavuza we-lymphatic, besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu bezokwelapha. Odokotela bethu be-hematologists, odokotela be-hematologists bezingane, kanye nodokotela abahlinzayo bokufakelwa banikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusindisa impilo kanye nokwelashwa kwamaseli okuyinkimbinkimbi ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Sihlinzeka ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuqapha okunembile kwezifo ezibangelwa ukuzalwa kanye nomdlavuza ngokusebenzisa ukuthayipha kwe-HLA okunekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ezivamile e-Yashoda Hematology & BMT Hospitals e-Hyderabad. Izinsizakalo zabo ze-hematology zokuvimbela nezokudala zisebenzisa imishini yesimanje, abasebenzi abangochwepheshe, kanye ne-suite yokuxilonga ephelele ukubuyisela ukusebenza komzimba nokuthuthukisa ukusinda kwesikhathi eside kwabo bonke iziguli.
Uhlu Lokuhlolwa Kokuxilongwa Nezindawo Ezitholakala Ezibhedlela zaseYashoda
- I-Flow cytometry
- I-Cytogenetics kanye neNHLANZI
- I-Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
- Uhlobo lwe-HLA (i-Human Leukocyte Antigen)
- Iphrofayili ye-Coagulation
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-LDH
- I-Antibody ye-HBsAg/HCV
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD
- Ukuhlola Ukugula
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Beta Thalassemia/i-Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Ukuhlolwa Kwephrofayili Ye-Absolute Neutrophil Count
- Amagumbi Okuhlukaniswa Ahlungiwe yi-HEPA
- Ilebhu Yokucubungula Amaseli E-Stem Ezinikele
- Iyunithi Yokugcina Izinto Ezingcolile
- Iyunithi Yokunakekelwa Kwasemini ye-BMT
- Imishini ye-Apheresis (Abahlukanisi bamaSeli)
- I-Suite Yomkhiqizo Wegazi Oshisiwe
- Amaphampu Okufaka kanye Nesirinji
- Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Molecular Point-of-Care
- Ama-Bioreactors
Preview: I-Flow cytometry iyindlela ebalulekile yokuthola amaseli e-neoplastic ukuze kutholakale imvelaphi yawo kanye nesigaba sokuvuthwa ngokuhlaziya izimpawu zamaprotheni ezihlukile. Lokhu kuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bahlukanise izifo zegazi besebenzisa izindlela ze-WHO ngenkathi futhi kusiza ekuboneni izimo ezingezona eziyingozi njenge-PNH kanye nokukhubazeka kwama-platelet azuzwe njengefa.
Preview: Ngokwezindinganiso ze-WHO, ukuthola izinkinga ze-chromosome ezenza uhlobo olulodwa lomdlavuza wegazi luhluke kolunye kubalulekile ekuxilongweni kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziywa kwe-cytogenetic kanye ne-FISH. Ngokuhlukanisa iziguli ngezigaba eziyingozi besebenzisa lezi zivivinyo, odokotela bangaqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli ezinezinguquko ezisheshayo zithola imithi ephelele, kanti ezinye zigwema ukulimala okungadingekile.
Ngokubona izimpawu zofuzo njenge-Philadelphia chromosome, odokotela bangakhetha imithi eklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-leukemia kanye ne-myeloma. Lezi zindlela zibalulekile futhi ekuqapheni ukugula okuncane okusele kanye nokufakelwa kwabanikeli ngemva kokufakelwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukubuyela emuva.
Ukubuka Ngaphambilini: I-Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) inikeza imephu ephelele yezakhi zofuzo zezifo ezibangelwa umdlavuza wegazi, okuvumela ukuhlukanisa izifo ngendlela enembile kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi ngokuhambisana neziqondiso zezokwelapha. Le ndlela, ngokuthola izinguquko eziqondile "ezisebenzayo", ivumela odokotela ukuthi bakhethe ukwelashwa okuqondiwe okufanele iphrofayili yezakhi zofuzo yesiguli ngenkathi behlola ukuthi bangabafanele yini ukufakelwa iseli le-stem.
Inenzuzo enkulu ekuqapheni izifo ezincane ezisele kanye nokuthola iminonjana emincane yamangqamuzana omdlavuza kusenesikhathi, okuvumela ukuphathwa kusenesikhathi. Iphinde idlale indima ebalulekile ekunakekelweni ngemva kokufakelwa ngokulandela ukufakwa kwamaseli anikelayo kanye nokuthola izifo zofuzo ezingathinta ukuqapha kwesikhathi eside kanye nokukhethwa kwabanikelayo.
Preview: Ukuhlolwa kwe-HLA-B27 kuthola iphrotheni ethile yesistimu yokuzivikela yomzimba ekhona ebusweni bamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi evumela umzimba ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kwamangqamuzana awo nezinto zangaphandle eziyingozi. Nakuba ukuba khona kwayo kungeyona into eqinisekisayo, isebenza njengesici esiyinhloko esibangela izifo ezahlukahlukene zokuzivikela komzimba, okuhlanganisa i-ankylosing spondylitis kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inkambo kanye nokuxilongwa kwezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuvuvukala uma kuhlanganiswa nezithombe kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuthayipha kwe-HLA
Preview: Iphrofayili yokujiya kwegazi iwukuhlolwa okubalulekile kokuthola izinkinga zokopha (i-hemophilia) kanye nokuhlonza izimo ezisongela ukuphila (i-disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)) ezigulini ezibucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlolwa kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bahlole ukusebenza kwesibindi futhi baphenye izimpawu ezingachazeki, njengokulunywa kalula noma ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni njalo, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli kuzo zonke izinqubo.
Ukuqapha ukuqina kwegazi kuvikela iziguli ngokuqaphela izimo zokuqina kwegazi ngokweqile nokubikezela izingozi zokopha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuhlaselayo, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi baqondise ngokunembile ukumpontshelwa igazi noma ukushintsha imithi yokuvimbela ukuqina kwegazi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ekuboneni izinkinga ze-BMT njengemithambo yesibindi evalekile nokuqapha ukuthi amahlule egazi esiguli asebenza kahle kangakanani ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kanye nokubikezela.
Ukubuka kuqala: Ukuhlolwa kwe-LDH kulinganisa i-enzyme ye-metabolic etholakala ezithweni eziningana ezinkulu ukuhlola indawo kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo wezicubu ezivela ezifweni ezahlukene noma ekulimaleni. Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziswa ku-plasma yegazi, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni ukuqhubeka komdlavuza othile, izinkinga zezinso, kanye nezifo zesibindi. Sekukonke, isebenza njengesibonakaliso esibalulekile sempilo yamaseli.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuhlolwa kwe-LDH
Ukubuka Kuqala Kokuhlolwa kwe-HBsAg: Ukuhlolwa kwe-HBsAg kuthola i-antigen ye-Hepatitis B surface, okunquma ukuthi umuntu unesifo esibi noma esingamahlalakhona esingasakazekela kwabanye ngegazi noma uketshezi lomzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusekela ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwemitholampilo ngokuthola isimo sokutheleleka noma ukuzivikela ekugonyweni kwangaphambilini, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukwelulekwa nokunakekelwa okubalulekile.
Ukubuka Ngaphambilini Kokuhlolwa Kwe-Antibody ye-HCV: Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-HCV kuthola amaprotheni athile akhiqizwa amasosha omzimba ekuphenduleni igciwane le-hepatitis C, elisebenza njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokuxilonga labantu abasengozini enkulu kanye nabantu abaveza izimpawu zesibindi njenge-jaundice noma ukukhathala. Ngokubona la ma-antibodies egazini, ukuhlolwa kufakazela ukuchayeka kwegciwane futhi kusiza odokotela ekuhloleni ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi okungapheli.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuhlolwa kwe-HBsAg | Ukuhlolwa kwe-HCV Antibody
Preview: Ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD kuwukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuntuleka kwama-enzyme okwenzelwe ukuhlonza ukuntuleka kwe-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isifo esivimbela amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ukuthi alondoloze amazinga afanele e-hemoglobin futhi sibangele uhlobo oluthile lwe-anemia ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezinsana.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuhlolwa kwe-G6PD
Preview: Ukuhlolwa kwe-sickling ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungangenisi kakhulu okusetshenziselwa ukuhlonza isifo se-sickle cell, isifo lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi eba nokukhubazeka futhi aqhekeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okuholela ekugcwaleni kwe-hemoglobin ephansi okudinga ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuhlola Ukugula
Ukubuka Kuqala Kokuhlolwa Kwe-Beta Thalassemia: I-Beta-thalassemia yisifo segazi esitholakala emindenini. Sibonakala ngokukhiqizwa okuphansi kwe-hemoglobin, iphrotheni yamaseli abomvu egazi equkethe insimbi futhi ethutha umoya-mpilo iye emangqamuzaneni omzimba. Ukuxilongwa kuyinqubo enezinyathelo ezimbili eyenziwa elebhu. Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kusetshenziswa ukuthola abantu abangase babe nalesi sifo, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo esigulini.
Ukubuka Ngaphambi Kokuhlolwa Kwe-Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: I-Hemoglobin electrophoresis ithola futhi ihlole izinhlobo eziningi ze-hemoglobin ukuthola ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo okuholela ekudalweni kwamaprotheni anephutha noma angajwayelekile. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinhlobo ezinephutha azikwazi ukuthutha umoya-mpilo ngokwanele, lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ekutholeni izifo eziholela ekunciphiseni ukulethwa komoya-mpilo ezicutshini nasezithweni zomzimba.
Funda Okwengeziwe Mayelana - Ukuhlolwa kwe-Beta Thalassemia | I-Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Preview: I-Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) iwuphawu olubalulekile lomsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba oluhlola ukuzivikela okuyinhloko komzimba ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane kanye nesikhunta, kanti amazinga aphansi abonisa i-acute neutropenia. Lokhu okutholakele kuvumela ochwepheshe ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuhlonza isidingo sezici zokukhula, kanye nokuqapha ukululama komnkantsha wamathambo ngemva kokufakelwa. Odokotela bangasebenzisa la mazinga ukuthola izinkinga zomnkantsha eziyisisekelo, ukwelapha izifo ezingamahlalakhona, kanye nokudala izindlela zokuvimbela kubantu abasengozini enkulu.
Kwenziwani?
Amakamelo okucindezela angemahle agcina isibhedlela siphephile ngokudonsela umoya ngaphakathi nokuwuhlunga ngezinhlelo ze-HEPA ukuze kususwe amagciwane athelelanayo njenge-TB noma i-measles. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakamelo okungenisa umoya anomfutho omuhle avikela abantu abakhubazekile ngokuphoqa umoya ohlungiwe, ongcolile ngaphandle ukuze kugcinwe ubuthi bangaphandle kanye nothuli lungaphandle.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukulawulwa kokutheleleka kubamba amagciwane ayingozi emoyeni
- Kuvikela iziguli ezisengozini kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo
- Hlangana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yomoya ezilawulayo eziphakeme
- Qinisekisa ikhwalithi yomoya ephezulu ngokuhlunga njalo
- Kuvimbela ukungcola kwesampula endaweni yokucwaninga
Kwenziwani?
Amalabhorethri azinikele asebenzisa izinhlelo ezihlanzekile, ezilawulwayo kanye nezilungiselelo ezihlungiwe yi-HEPA ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane ngesikhathi sezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Lezi zikhungo zilandela amazinga okulawula asezingeni eliphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukuthi iqembu ngalinye lamaseli lihlangabezana nokuhlanzeka okuqinile kokulawula, ukuphila, kanye nezindinganiso zamandla ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ezigulini.
Izinzuzo:
- Ilungiselela imithamo yamaseli ngokwezidingo zesiguli esithile
- Inikeza indawo elawulwayo yokufunda ngezifo
- Isekela ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe njengokwelashwa kwamaseli e-CAR T
- Amaseli asezingeni eliphezulu aholela emiphumeleni engcono yesiguli
- Igcina amaseli enamandla ngokucubungula okulawulwayo ngokushesha
- Kunciphisa ukungcola futhi kuvimbele ukusabela okuyingozi kwamasosha omzimba
Kwenziwani?
Ukulondolozwa kwe-cryopreservation kuvimbela umsebenzi we-metabolic ukuze kulondolozwe izinto eziphilayo zezicelo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nokugcina ukuzala kulo lonke ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kanye namaseli okuqala okusindisa impilo kanye nezicubu zokufakelwa. Le ndlela igcina futhi izinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zofuzo zezilwane ezisengozini kanye nezinsiza zezolimo ukuze kwenziwe imizamo yokufunda nokulondoloza esikhathini esizayo. Isebenza njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile phakathi kokuqoqwa kwedatha kanye nezicelo zokwelapha, njengomnkantsha wamathambo kanye nokuhambisana kwawo.
Izinzuzo:
- Izinto eziphilayo zihlala ziphilile amashumi eminyaka amaningi
- Izitsha ezikhethekile zivumela ukuthuthwa okuphephile emhlabeni wonke
- Ukuqandisa inqubo ye-metabolic kuvimbela izinguquko zofuzo eziyingozi
- Isiza ukuhlela okuguquguqukayo kwezinqubo zezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi
- Amasampula atholakala kalula kunoma yisiphi isimo esiphuthumayo
Kwenziwani?
Ukufakelwa umnkantsha wamathambo kuyindlela esindisa impilo yeziguli ezinezifo ezimbi kakhulu, izifo zegazi ezimbi, kanye nokuntuleka kwe-immunological okuzuzwe njengefa okuvimbela umzimba ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana egazi anempilo.
Izinzuzo:
- Kusebenza kahle kakhulu ngokwandisa ukufinyeleleka kokwelashwa
- Ukunciphisa ukuhlala esibhedlela kusukela emavikini kuya ezinsukwini kuye ngesimo kanye nobunzima bokwelashwa
- Ukubuyela ngokushesha emisebenzini kuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yesiguli
- Ukuchayeka okulinganiselwe ukuze kuncishiswe izifo ezitholakala esibhedlela
Kwenziwani?
Imishini ye-Apheresis isetshenziselwa inqubo eyinhloko yokwelapha esusa amangqamuzana angafuneki, ama-antibodies, noma ubuthi ekujikelezeni kwegazi kwesiguli ngenkathi futhi iqoqa ngempumelelo izingxenye zegazi ezifunwa kakhulu ezivela kubanikeli. Lokhu kwelashwa okuguquguqukayo kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwehlisa ngokushesha inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi ku-leukemia, ukushintshanisa amangqamuzana abomvu esifweni se-sickle cell, kanye nokuqeda ama-antibodies ahlasela izinzwa ezifweni zezinzwa.
Izinzuzo:
- Iseshini eyodwa inikeza izingxenye zegazi ezigxilile ezisindisa impilo
- Isusa ngqo izinto eziyingozi ukuze kusizakale ngokushesha
- Imiphumela emibi emincane uma iqhathaniswa nemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba
- Yehlisa ubukhali besifo futhi ivimbele izinkinga
Kwenziwani?
Ukukhishwa kwemisebe yezingxenye zegazi kusebenzisa i-gamma noma i-X-ray ukubhubhisa i-DNA yamaseli e-T anikelayo, okuwavimba ekuhlaseleni izitho zomuntu othola amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Le nqubo ebalulekile iyadingeka kakhulu ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu, njengabathola amasosha omzimba afakwe kanye nalabo abanezinkinga ezinkulu zokuzivikela komzimba, ukuvimbela isifo esibulalayo esihlobene nokumpontshelwa igazi i-Graft-versus-Host Disease (TA-GVHD). Iqinisekisa ukuthi amaqembu asengozini athola ukumpontshelwa igazi okuphephile.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukufakelwa igazi kuba okuphephile kakhulu ezigulini ezine-immune system ebuthakathaka
- Imisebe ivimbela amaseli e-T ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izingxenye
- Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamaseli e-T kuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwabamukeli
Kwenziwani?
Ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe, amaphampu okufaka umjovo ahlinzeka ngokuphathwa okunembile kwemithi enamandla njenge-opioid kanye ne-insulin, kanye nokunikezwa okuqhubekayo koketshezi, ukudla okunomsoco, kanye ne-chemotherapy isikhathi eside. Lawa madivayisi abalulekile ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okubucayi nokwelapha ubuhlungu ukuze anikeze ngokuphephile imithi yokudambisa esindisa impilo, imithi yokucindezela imithambo yegazi, kanye nokuphathwa kobuhlungu okulawulwayo.
Izinzuzo:
- Kuvimbela ukudlula umthamo
- Yehlisa amaphutha abantu
- Iza nohlelo lokunciphisa amaphutha omthamo (amaphampu ahlakaniphile)
- Gcina uhlelo lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa olulawulwayo
- Iqinisekisa ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngokulethwa
- Ukusebenza kahle, okuvumela ukugxila ekunakekelweni okunye
- Iza namaphampu ahlukene ngezilungiselelo nezidingo ezahlukene
- Inikeza induduzo engcono yesiguli
Kwenziwani?
Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwama-molecule kuveza izimpendulo ezisheshayo zezifo ezithelelanayo ezifana nomkhuhlane noma i-strep, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi baqale ukwelashwa okuqondiwe kanye nezinyathelo zokuzihlukanisa ngemizuzu embalwa. Lawa madivayisi eselula asiza, ngokumelene nama-superbugs futhi andise amakhono okuxilonga asezingeni eliphezulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezivinjelwe izinsiza ngokuthola izimpawu ezithile zofuzo zokumelana nama-antibiotic.
Izinzuzo:
- Sekela ukubhekwa kwezifo ezithelelanayo ngesikhathi sangempela
- Kuvimbela ukuvakashela esibhedlela okungadingekile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic
- Ukuhlonza okusheshayo nokusiza ukuhlunga iziguli nokuyeka ukudluliselwa kwazo
- Yehlisa ukukhathazeka kwesiguli
- Imiphumela esheshayo yenza kube lula ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha
Kwenziwani?
Ama-bioreactor ahlinzeka ngezimo ezilawulwayo zokukhiqizwa kwemithi esindisa impilo njengemigomo kanye ne-insulin, kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zokudla njenge-yogurt. Lezi zinhlelo ziphinde zifake isandla ezixazululweni zemvelo nezamandla ngokuvumela ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukulungiswa kwe-bio, kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwama-biofuel aqhubekayo kanye nama-biochemicals.
Izinzuzo:
- Gcina izimo ezifanele ngenkathi uvimbela ukungcola okuyingozi
- Ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwezinga eliphezulu ngekhwalithi ephezulu ehambisanayo
- Inqubo enkulu
- Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo luqinisekisa ukunemba ngokuqapha okuqondile kanye nokuphindaphinda
- Kusebenza kuyo yonke imithi nokudla
- Kunciphisa umthelela wemvelo ekuchithweni kokudla
Umshwalense Nolwazi Lwezezimali
Umshwalense wezokwelapha unikeza isivikelo sezezimali kanye nokuthula kwengqondo ngokumboza izindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Lokhu kuvumela abantu ukuthi babeke phambili ukululama kunezindleko. Nakuba iningi lomshwalense limboza izindleko zokwelashwa, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kanye nemithi, sincoma ukuthi uqinisekise imininingwane ethile yokumbozwa nomhlinzeki wakho.
Funda kabanzi mayelana - Umshwalense Nolwazi Lwezezimali
Izinsizakalo zesiguli zamazwe ngamazwe
I-Yashoda Group of Hospitals eHyderabad inikeze iminyaka engamashumi amathathu yokunakekelwa kwempilo okumangalisayo, ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nabasebenzi abanolwazi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke. Izinsizakalo zabo eziphelele zeziguli zomhlaba wonke zilawula konke kusukela kuma-visa kanye nokuhamba kuya kumshwalense, okuqinisekisa ulwazi lwezempilo olungenazihibe nolusekelayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana - Izinsizakalo zesiguli zamazwe ngamazwe
Amabhulogi Ezempilo e-Hematology kanye ne-BMT
పాలిఎండోక్రైన్ మెటబాలిక్ ఓవేరియన్ సిండ్రోమ్ అంటే ఏమిటి? దీని ప్రధాన లక్షణాలు, కారణాలు మరియు ఆధునిక చికిత్సా విధానాల గురించి పూర్తి వివరాలు తెలుసుకోండి.
సెడెంటరీ జీవనశైలి మీ ఆరోగ్యాన్ని ఎలా దెబ్బతీస్తుందో తెలుసా? ఊబకాయం, గుండె సమస్యలు, కీళ్ల నొప్పులు వంటి ముప్పుల గురించి సమగ్ర సమాచారం కోసం ఈ బ్లాగ్…
Wacabanga ukuthi ubuhlungu buyisikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kodwa kwakuyi-endometriosis — hlola izinhlobo zayo, izigaba, izimpawu, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha.
మధుమేహం (Isifo sikashukela) వల్ల కిడ్నీలు పాడయ్యే ప్రమాదం ఉందని మీకు తెలుసా? డయాబెటిక్ నెఫ్రోపతి రాకుండా తీసుకోవాల్సిన జాగ్రత్తలు, చికిత్స విధానాల కోసం ఈ బ్లాగ్ చదవండి చదవండి.
మూత్రం వెనక్కి ప్రవహించే వెసికోయురేటరల్ రిఫ్లక్స్ (VUR) సమస్య అంటే ఏమిటి? దాని ప్రధాన కారణాలు, లక్షణాలు మరియు నివారణ మార్గాల గురించి ఈ బ్లాగ్ లో పూర్తిగా…
నెలసరి సమయంలో భరించలేని నొప్పితో బాధపడుతున్నారా? ఇది ఎండోమెట్రియోసిస్ కావచ్చు. దీని లక్షణాలను ఎలా గుర్తించాలి, ఎలాంటి జాగ్రత్తలు తీసుకోవాలో ఇక్కడ వివరంగా చదవండి.
లీకీ గట్ సిండ్రోమ్ లక్షణాలు, ప్రధాన కారణాలు మరియు సహజంగా మీ పేగుల ఆరోగ్యాన్ని కారణాలు మరియు సహజంగా మీ పేగుల ఆరోగ్యాన్ని కోరులు ఈ బ్లాగ్లో పూర్తిగా తెలుసుకోండి.
పంటినొప్పి గురించి పూర్తి సమాచారం – కారణాలు, లక్షణాలు, నిర్ధారణ పద్ధతులు, చికిత్మరు జాగ్రత్తలు. దంత ఆరోగ్యాన్ని కాపాడుకోవడానికి ఉపయోగకరమైన మార్గదర్శకాలు.
పాంక్రియాటిక్ క్యాన్సర్ అంటే ఏమిటి? శరీరంలో కనిపించే దీని ప్రాథమిక హెచ్చరిక సంకేతాలు, ముఖ్య కారణాలు మరియు ముందస్తు గుర్తింపరు వివరాలు ఇక్కడ తెలుసుకోండి.
ఫ్యాటీ లివర్ (Fatty Liver) అంటే ఏమిటి? కాలేయంలో కొవ్వు పేరుకుపోవడానికి గల ముఖ్య కారణాలు, కనిపించే లక్షణాలు మరియు దీనిని తగ్గితించీమఱ మార్పులను…
Ubufakazi Besiguli Be-Hematology & BMT
I-Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) umdlavuza othinta igazi kanye nomnkantsha wamathambo, obonakala ngokuqongelela kancane kancane kwezinto ezingavamile…
Umdlavuza wegazi ezinganeni, owaziwa nangokuthi i-pediatric hematologic malignancies, uhilela kakhulu umdlavuza wezicubu ezakha igazi, njengethambo…
I-multiple myeloma ingumdlavuza ohilela amangqamuzana e-plasma angajwayelekile, abalulekile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba. Lawa maseli anda ngokungalawuleki…
I-Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) yisifo segazi esibonakala ngokungasebenzi kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi emnkantsheni wethambo, okuholela…
I-multiple myeloma ingumdlavuza wamaseli e-plasma obangela ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies. Ibangelwa ubudala, i-monoclonal gammopathy…
Ingxoxo Kadokotela
Inkulumo Yezempilo
I-FAQ's
Iyini i-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplant Center e-Yashoda Cancer Institute?
Isikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell sikaYashoda Cancer Institute selapha izifo ezinkulu zegazi, amasosha omzimba, kanye nezakhi zofuzo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, okuhlanganisa amakamelo ahlukile ahlungiwe umoya kanye namalebhu azinikele. Lesi sikhungo sakha kabusha amasosha omzimba esiguli ngokufaka amaseli e-stem amahle esikhundleni somnkantsha owonakele, futhi saba ngabokuqala ukwenza ukufakelwa "okulinganayo" (haploidentical). Kuyo yonke inqubo, iziguli zinikezwa ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe amahora angama-24 yithimba lochwepheshe bokufakelwa abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu kanye nochwepheshe be-hematologists.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinqubo ezenziwa kulesi Sikhungo Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell eYashoda Cancer Institute?
Izibhedlela zaseYashoda zinikeza ukufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem okuyinkimbinkimbi kokubili kubantu abadala nezingane, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwe-autologous, i-allogeneic, kanye ne-"half-match" haploidentical. Zihlinzeka iziguli ezingenazo izakhi zofuzo ezifanele ngezinketho ezisindisa impilo ngokusebenzisa igazi le-umbilical cord kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwabanikeli abanekhono. Isibhedlela sivuna futhi sigcine amaseli sisebenzisa amasu athuthukile e-apheresis kanye ne-cryopreservation, okuqinisekisa ukuthi aphila kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwelashwa ngakunye kudinga ukulungiswa okulungiselelwe, njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ukushiswa kwemisebe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli e-stem amasha akhula kahle futhi abuyisele impilo.
Yini eyenza izibhedlela zaseYashoda zibe yisibhedlela esihamba phambili se-hematology eHyderabad?
I-Yashoda Hospitals inguchwepheshe kwezokwelapha ngegazi okuthuthukisiwe, njengoba yenze ukufakelwa kokuqala komnkantsha wethambo esifundeni futhi ihlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezifo eziningi zegazi ezibulalayo nezingezona ezibulalayo. Umtholampilo wabo wokufakelwa osezingeni eliphezulu uhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokucubungula amaseli nochwepheshe abaningi ukuze kuhlinzekwe amazinga empumelelo amahle kakhulu kanye namathuba amasha anikelayo ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ingabe i-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplant Center eYashoda Hospitals iphatha amacala okufakelwa angavamile futhi ayinkimbinkimbi?
Isikhungo sokufakelwa izibhedlela iYashoda selapha iziguli ezingavamile nezinselele ngezindlela ezintsha, okuhlanganisa nokufakelwa izitho zomzimba zabantu abadala bokuqala eNdiya okwaphelelwa yi-T-cell, okusekelwa yilabhorethri yokucubungula amaseli ethuthukisiwe. Abasebenzi babo abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu banikeza ukwelashwa okuphelele, okuhlanganisa ukwesekwa kwengqondo nokondleka, ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezifana ne-refractory leukemia, i-aplastic anemia, kanye nokukhubazeka okukhulu kwegazi okuzuzwe njengefa.
Yiziphi izikhungo ezitholakalayo eSikhungweni Sokufakelwa Kwe-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell?
Izikhungo Ezikhethekile Zokufakelwa I-Bone Marrow kanye ne-Stem Cell zinikeza izimo ezilawulwa kakhulu, kufaka phakathi amayunithi e-BMT ahlungiwe yi-HEPA kanye nezindawo zokucubungula amaseli zesimanje zokwelapha njenge-CAR-T. Lezi zibhedlela zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuvuna amaseli okuqala kanye nobuchwepheshe be-radiation oncology ukwelapha izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wegazi, ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba. Iziguli zithola izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ku-chemotherapy kanye nokumpontshelwa igazi kuya kosizo olukhulu lwengqondo nokudla. Kuye ngesimo, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi njengokufakelwa kwe-autologous, i-allogeneic, kanye ne-haploidentical kusetshenziswa ukubuyisela ukukhiqizwa kwegazi okunempilo.
Zingaki izitho zokufakelwa umnkantsha ezenziwe ezibhedlela zaseYashoda?
Isikhungo Sokufakelwa I-Bone Marrow & Stem Cell saseYashoda Hospitals siqede ukufakelwa izitho eziyi-100, selapha izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza wegazi kanye nezifo zofuzo ezigulini ezineminyaka esukela ezinsaneni kuya kwasebekhulile. Lesi sikhungo siyiphayona lesifunda emisebenzini eyinkimbinkimbi, siqedela ukufakelwa kokuqala kwe-haploidentical eTelangana nase-Andhra Pradesh, kanye nokwelashwa okuvamile kwe-autologous kanye ne-allogeneic.
Umnikeli womnkantsha ufaniswa kanjani nomuntu othola umnkantsha?
Abanikeli bomnkantsha bafaniswa nomuntu othola igciwane ngokusebenzisa ukuthayipha kwe-HLA okuhlonza izimpawu zofuzo zomzimba ngegazi noma izihlathi, ezibe seziqhathaniswa nezihlobo eziseduze ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi umuntu unesifo esifanayo. Uma kungekho sihlobo esitholakalayo, izindawo zokubhalisa zingase zifune abanikeli abangahlobene, zibeke phambili labo abavela ezizindeni ezifanayo njengoba okhokho abafanayo bandisa amathuba okuba umuntu athole igciwane elihle. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu onikelayo uyahambisana, ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli okuqala azongena kahle futhi aqale ukukhiqiza igazi elinempilo kumuntu othola igciwane.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekufakweni komnkantsha?
Ezinsukwini zokuqala eziyi-100, lapho iziguli zilaliswa esibhedlela noma ziqashwe ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale ukufakelwa kwamangqamuzana okunamandla, izinkinga zokutheleleka, kanye nesifo esingaba khona se-Graft-versus-Host, ngenkathi zelashwa imiphumela emibi, njengokukhathala kanye nesicanucanu, ngokuhlanzeka okuqinile kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha. Iziguli ezisesimweni sazo sokululama esimaphakathi (izinyanga eziyi-6 - unyaka owodwa), kancane kancane zibuyela emisebenzini evamile njengoba amazinga azo amandla kanye nenani lamangqamuzana likhuphuka, ngenkathi zigcina ukuhlanzeka okuqinile futhi zigwema izixuku ukuze zilawule ukukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nezinkinga zokutheleleka. Ekululameni kwesikhathi eside (Iminyaka eyi-1-2), ukululama okuphelele kwe-immunological kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, kudingeke imijovo eqondisiwe kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-GVHD eqhubekayo.
Zingakanani izinga lempumelelo yokufakelwa umnkantsha wamathambo?
Amazinga empumelelo okufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo asukela ku-50% kuya ku-90%, kuye ngesimo, iminyaka yesiguli, nokuthi umnikeli uhlobene noma akahlobene. Ngenkathi izifo ezingezona umdlavuza ezinabanikeli abahlobene zinezinga lempumelelo elihle kakhulu (70-90%), iziguli ezine-leukemia eziphinde zibuye zivame ukuba namazinga aphakathi kuka-55% no-70% ngenxa yentuthuko yezinqubo zokufakelwa.
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