Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-Gram Stain?

Uma imiphumela yakho ye-Gram stain ingenayo imiphumela emihle, okusho ukuthi akukho zimpawu zamagciwane ezitholakale kumasampula akho owanikeziwe. Uma imiphumela ye-gram stain ingenayo imiphumela emihle, lokho kusho ukuthi amagciwane ayekhona kusampula. Umphumela uphinde ucacise imininingwane ngamabhaktheriya athelelekile, ukuma, usayizi kanye nenani lamabhaktheriya akhona kusampula.

Kungadingeka wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-gram stain, uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Ngalesi sivivinyo uzokwazi ukubona ukuthi kukhona noma yiliphi igciwane noma isikhunta esithathwe endaweni yokutheleleka.

Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzoqoqa amasampula amabala egremu endaweni okusolwa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyatholakala kuyo.

• Amanye amasampula angaqoqwa kusetshenziswa ama-swab angenamagciwane ukuze kutholakale amaseli noma kukhishwe i-exudate endaweni yokutheleleka. Isibonelo: isampula yenxeba, ukukhuliswa komphimbo noma kusuka ku-mucus obukhulu obukhwehlele emaphashini.
• Amanye amasampula anjengomchamo noma isikhwehlela angaqoqwa esitsheni esingenamagciwane.
• Uketshezi lomzimba luzoqoqwa kusetshenziswa inalithi nesipetu.

Isampula izothunyelwa elabhorethri yezifo ukuze ihlolwe.

Ibala le-Gram lihilela ukufaka isampula eqoqwe endaweni ethelelekile ku-slide yengilazi bese uyivumela ukuthi yome. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-slide iphathwa ngebala elithile bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope nguchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe. Noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya angase abe khona ahlukaniswa ngombala nesimo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-microscope futhi azokunikeza imiphumela. Ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile kuphephile futhi akukho miphumela emibi ebonwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ukufaka i-gram staining kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuhlukanisa imibala esetshenziswa emalabhorethri e-microbiological ukuhlola nokuhlukanisa amabhaktheriya abe amabhaktheriya ane-gram positive kanye nama-gram negative bacteria.  

Ngalesi sivivinyo udokotela wakho uqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi amsize ukuthi asondele ukuze athole ukuthi yini ebangela ukugula kwakho futhi anqume ukuthi iyiphi i-antibiotic ezosebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni ukutheleleka kwakho.

Ukuhlolwa kombala we-Gram stain kunikeza inkomba yokuthi yimaphi amagciwane angase abangele ukutheleleka kuwe. Ngale ndlela isampula iphathwa nge-gram stain futhi ibhekwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Uma amagciwane enombala onsomi umphumela uba ukuthi, kungenzeka ukuthi unegciwane le-gram positive. Uma amagciwane enombala opinki noma obomvu, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unegciwane le-gram negative.

Amabhaktheriya ane-Gram positive abonakala ephuzi noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemva kokufaka umbala ku-gram.

Ama-bacteria angenayo i-gram amelana nama-antibiotic amaningi atholakalayo. Amanye ama-antibiotic angase elaphe ama-bacteria angenayo i-gram yile:

•   I-Ureidopenicillins (i-piperacillin)
•   I-cephalosporins yesizukulwane sesithathu noma sesine (cefotaxime, ceftazidime)
•   Ama-Carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem)
•   I-Fluoroquinolones (i-ciprofloxacin)

Hlala ulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho ukuze akukhethele ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu. 

Izifo ezivamile ze-gram positive yilezi:

• izifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-cellulitis
• ithumba
• inyumoniya ebangelwa amagciwane
• ubuthi bokudla
• izifo endaweni yokuhlinzwa
• ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract
• i-prostatitis, i-epididymitis
• umphimbo obuhlungu, izifo zama-sinus
• iso elibomvana
• i-pharyngitis
• i-pneumonia ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa
• I-Anthrax
• i-listeriosis
• i-diphtheria
• izifo zokuphefumula

Thola umbono wesibili wamahhala kochwepheshe bethu baseYashoda Hospitals namuhla.