Isikhungo Sezokwelapha Senuzi saseYashoda

Imithi ye-nyukliya iwubungcweti obuhilela izindlela ezingangenisi, ezingenabuhlungu, eziphephile nezingabizi kakhulu zokuxilonga nokwelapha ngezokwelapha. Ukuthwebula izithombe kanye nokwelashwa ngemithi ye-nyukliya kanye neyama-molecule kuye kwavula izindlela zokunikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okungcono kakhulu kwezimo ezibucayi ezifana nezimila ezingengozini kanye nomdlavuza, i-thyroid kanye nezinye izinkinga ze-endocrine, kanye nezifo eziwohlokayo ze-neurological.

Izithombe zemithi yenuzi:

Izinqubo zokuxilonga zanamuhla zihlola ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe kanye nemithi yomsakazo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa isinyathelo esisodwa phambili.

Emithini yenuzi, ama-tracers anemisebe asetshenziswa ngobuningi obuncane (anikezwa isiguli nge-IV noma ngomlomo noma ngokuphefumula) ukuze abone umsebenzi womzimba ngesikhathi sangempela. Lawa ma-radiopharmaceuticals, uma enikezwa isiguli, angaqoshwa kusetshenziswa amakhamera akhethekile. Izithombe ezivelayo zinikeza imininingwane enembile kanye nomehluko wezindawo ezithintekile emzimbeni. Imithi yenuzi kanye ne-molecular imaging kusiza ukudala izithombe ezisezingeni eliphezulu zeziphambeko, ezijulile noma ezifihliwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthwebula izithombe zokwelapha kwenuzi kususa isidingo sezinqubo zokuxilonga ezibizayo kanye nokuhlinzwa okungenayo.

Ukuthwebula izithombe ngemithi yenuzi (noma ukuthwebula nge-radionuclide) kukhomba ukungasebenzi kahle kokusebenza njengezindawo zomsebenzi ohlukahlukene ebuchosheni, ukugeleza kwegazi esithweni esithile, ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo, izindawo zokuphulukiswa kwamathambo, inqubekela phambili yomdlavuza.

Izithombe zingakhomba amaphutha ezingeni lama-molecule, okuyizimpawu zokuqala zezifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthwebula izithombe ngemithi yenuzi kuba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuxilonga umdlavuza njengoba kusiza ekuqalisweni komdlavuza kanye nokutholakala kokuqala kwama-metastases (ukusabalala komdlavuza).  

Ukwelashwa ngemithi yenuzi:

Odokotela bemithi yenuzi basebenzisa ne-radionucleotides (imithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals) ukwelapha umdlavuza nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nezifo ze-thyroid. Imithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals iyatholakala njengemithi yomlomo, imijovo kanye nemithi yokufutha. Le mithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals ihlukile kuleyo esetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe zemithi yenuzi (imithi ye-gamma), ngendlela enikeza usizo olungcono lwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokungena okufushane kwezicubu (imithi ye-alpha noma ye-beta).

Izimila ezingenobungozi (ezitholakala endaweni ethile) kanye nomdlavuza osuvele ususukile kungahloswa ngama-radionucleotide agcwele ama-molecule amaprotheni njenge-antigen, ama-receptor emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa ngemithi yenuzi kunikeza ukusebenza okukhulu ngaphandle kokuthinta izicubu nezitho ezinempilo kusetshenziswa inani elincane kakhulu lama-radionucleotide.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe ze-radionucleotide ezifana ne-peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy (PRPT) ziletha ama-radionucleotide anamandla okubhubhisa amangqamuzana athile omdlavuza ngaleyo ndlela zisindise amangqamuzana avamile.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe (i-RIT) kuyinhlanganisela yama-radionucleotide kanye ne-immunotherapy. Kuwumjovo onikezwa ngaphandle kweziguli ezinomdlavuza ezingaphenduli ku-chemotherapy. Le ndlela inikeza ukulethwa okuqondiwe lapho ama-antibodies athile ehlanganiswe nama-radionucleotide aletha imisebe ye-cytotoxic eqondiwe ezicutshini ezinomdlavuza noma ezinye izicubu eziqondiwe.