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Alternative names
Keratitis interstitial
Definition
Inflammation of the connective
tissue structure of the cornea (the clear window
on the front of the eyeball). interstitial keratitis
is a serious condition which may cause severe visual
impairment. blood vessels grow into the cornea and
cause loss of the normal transparency. it is caused
by infectious diseases. syphilis is the most common
cause, but other rare causes include leprosy and
tuberculosis. Causes
and risks
Most cases in the developed world occur in patients
with fully established systemic infection with
the spirochete of syphilis. Since most cases of
syphilis are recognized and treated, it is not
common. Interstitial keratitis is the most common
cause of blindness in the world, with cases caused
by trachoma and onchocerciasis (river blindness)
being very common in endemic areas of Asia and
Africa.
Prevention
Prevention consists of avoidance of the underlying
infection; and if infected, prompt and thorough
treatment and follow up.
Symptoms
- eye pain
- photophobia
- excessive tearing
Signs
and tests
Interstitial keratitis can be easily diagnosed
by physical examination of the eyes with slit
lamp examination. Blood tests and chest x-rays
will usually be needed to find and prove the causative
infection.
Treatment
The underlying disease must be treated. Treatment
of the cornea with corticosteroid drops may minimize
scarring and help preserve the clarity of the
cornea.
Prognosis
If interstitial keratitis is diagnosed early
and treated effectively, the corneal clarity and
thus good vision will be preserved.
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